The field of environmental science involves an understanding of scientific principles, economic influences, and political action.(科学+经济学+政治 学) 2. nterrelated Nature of environmental problems(环境问题的相互关联性) Environment is everything that affects an organism during its lifetime Understood to infer surrounding conditions that affect people and other organisms.(生物过程:出生→死亡;环境:影响生物的整个生命历程) Most social and political decisions are made with respect to political boundaries and jurisdictions. But environmental problems rarely coincide with these boundaries.(社会与政治决策有行政边界;环境问题边界不同于行政边界) Because of the magnitude of these problems international agencies such as the International Joint Commission have had the major bearing on environmental quality over broad regions.(环境问题是世界性问题) 3. An Ecosystem Approach(环境与生态系统) Ecosystem: Region in which the organisms and the physical environment form an interacting unit.(生态系统:生物与环境相互作用的单元系统) The task of an Environmental Scientist is to recognize and understand natural interactions within our environment, and integrate these with the uses humans must make of the natural world.(生态系统中的相互作用:包括环境中的自然作 用,以及人类对环境的利用) 4.本单元要点的归纳: 环境问题是跨越国界的世界性问题; 人们对环境问题的认识存在多方面的差异 环境问题归根结底是人的问题 作业与习题要求2 • The field of environmental science involves an understanding of scientific principles, economic influences, and political action.（科学 ＋ 经济学 ＋ 政治 学） 2. Interrelated Nature of Environmental Problems（环境问题的相互关联性） • “Environment” is everything that affects an organism during its lifetime. Understood to infer surrounding conditions that affect people and other organisms.（生物过程：出生→死亡；环境：影响生物的整个生命历程） • Most social and political decisions are made with respect to political boundaries and jurisdictions. But environmental problems rarely coincide with these boundaries.（社会与政治决策有行政边界；环境问题边界不同于行政边界） • Because of the magnitude of these problems, international agencies such as the International Joint Commission have had the major bearing on environmental quality over broad regions.（环境问题是世界性问题） 3. An Ecosystem Approach（环境与生态系统） • Ecosystem: Region in which the organisms and the physical environment form an interacting unit.（生态系统：生物与环境相互作用的单元系统） • The task of an Environmental Scientist is to recognize and understand natural interactions within our environment, and integrate these with the uses humans must make of the natural world.（生态系统中的相互作用：包括环境中的自然作 用，以及人类对环境的利用） 4. 本单元要点的归纳： 环境问题是跨越国界的世界性问题； 人们对环境问题的认识存在多方面的差异； 环境问题归根结底是人的问题。 作业与习题要求