(2)Discuss the relative advantages of the two mechanisms 6. Compare animal cells and plant cells intracellular signaling mechanisms ChaPteR 8 NUCLEUS AND CHROMOSOMES 1. Give short definitions of the following terms constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin euchromatin and heterochromatin fluorescence recovery after photobleaching(FRAP) matrix-associated regions(MARs or Scaffold attachment region Sar) nuclear envelope nuclear localization signals(NLS) nuclear matrix or nuclear skeleton nuclear pore complex(NPC) nucleosome 2. Multiple-choice questions Concerning the nucle The diameter is generally about 5 mm Euchromatin is not actively expressed Nucleoli are very active in the synthesis of messenger rna (mRNA) All cells in the human body have nuclei Within the nucleus: Chromatin consists of dNa and rNa only Histone proteins are negatively charged The nucleosome core protein consists of eight histone subunits H1 histone is not found in the core protein 3. Short-answer questions What is a nucleosome and what are the proteins present in this structure? 4. Define the following terms and their relationships to one another (a)Interphase chromosome;(b)Mitotic chromosome (c) Chromatin (d)Heterochromatin; (e) Histones; (f)Nucleosome 5. If a human nucleus is 10 mm in diameter, and it must hold as much as 2 m of dna which is complexed into nucle osomes that during full extension are 11 nm in diameter, what percentage of the volume of the nucleus is occupied by the genetic material? CHAPTER 9 CELL-CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION short definitions of the following terms: and tetrad Cdk-activiting kinase(CAK) cell cycle and cell cycle control ell cycle checkpoint centromere and kinetochore(2) Discuss the relative advantages of the two mechanisms. 6. Compare animal cells and plant cells intracellular signaling mechanisms CHAPTER 8 NUCLEUS AND CHROMOSOMES 1. Give short definitions of the following terms constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin euchromatin and heterochromatin fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) matrix-associated regions (MARs) or Scaffold attachment region (SAR) nuclear envelope nuclear lamina nuclear localization signals (NLS) nuclear matrix or nuclear skeleton nuclear pore complex (NPC) nucleolus nucleosome nucleosome remodeling 2. Multiple-choice questions Concerning the nucleus: The diameter is generally about 5 mm Euchromatin is not actively expressed Nucleoli are very active in the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) All cells in the human body have nuclei Within the nucleus: Chromatin consists of DNA and RNA only Histone proteins are negatively charged The nucleosome core protein consists of eight histone subunits H1 histone is not found in the core protein 3. Short-answer questions What is a nucleosome and what are the proteins present in this structure? 4. Define the following terms and their relationships to one another: (a) Interphase chromosome; (b) Mitotic chromosome; (c) Chromatin; (d) Heterochromatin; (e) Histones; (f) Nucleosome 5. If a human nucleus is 10 mm in diameter, and it must hold as much as 2 m of DNA, which is complexed into nucleosomes that during full extension are 11 nm in diameter, what percentage of the volume of the nucleus is occupied by the genetic material? CHAPTER 9 CELL-CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION 1. Give short definitions of the following terms: bivalent and tetrad Cdk-activiting kinase (CAK) cell cycle and cell cycle control cell cycle checkpoint centromere and kinetochore