英语通 大学英语四级考试版 淡阅读理解阐述主题思想的糗式 华中农业大学胡素芬 Subject Matter(SM主题思想)是作者在 would the passage most likely be found in a 文章中要表达的主要内容,是贯穿全文的核 textbook? 心。作者在文章中努力通过各种 Supporting (8)The purpose of the writer in writing Details来阐明中心议题。因此,把握主题思想 this passage is 对于理解全文具有重要意义。熟悉四级考试 (9)Which of the following best describes 的人都知道,这类问题常被列为五题之首。然 the passage as a whole? 而,如何找出主题常使考生倍感棘手。因为他 从整体来看,大学英语四级阅读文章题 们总希望通过某个词或某句话就能找到答材广泛,包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知 案,而事实上文章的主题往往需要通读全文识、科普常识等;体裁也多种多样,包括记叙 后才能大致了解。 文、说明文、议论文等,并没有严格的规律可 确定SM问题,应采用快速阅读法循。但就文章的结构而言,还是有一定的规律 ( Skimming)浏览全文,理解文章主旨大意,阅的。本文拟讨论四级阅读文章中较为常见的 读时要注意表现中心思想的句子在文章中的各种段落模式。 位置不同,文章的开头、结尾及段落的段首句 和段尾句特别重要,因为它们往往包含文章 一、总和模式 的中心议题(SM)。这类问题可分主题型、标 题型和目的型。主题型一目了然就是找中心 这类文章由几个段落组成,每个段落都 ( Main idea);标题型是为文章选择标题(T-有一个主题句。而且主题句一般在每一段的 tle);目的型就是推断作者的写作意图(Pur-第一句话。这几个主题句从不同的方面或者 pose)。这类题常见的命题方式有 角度去阐述主题思想。把这几个主题句表达 (1) What is the main idea( subject)of的意思叠加在一起,就可以找到文章的主题 this passage? 思想 (2)What does this passage mainly(pri- Passage I(1998年1月第4篇阅读 warily) concerned? n prodigies(神童), I learned ave (3)The main theme of this passage come in distinct waves from distinct regions Most of the great performers of the late 19th (4)The main point of the passage is and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked (5)Which of the following is the best ti- Isaac Stern, one of the worlds greatest violin- tle for the passage ists, the reason for this phenomenon. " It is very (6)The title that best expresses the clear", he told me. "They were all Jews(X theme of the passage is A) and Jews at the time were severely op (7)On which of the following subject pressed and ill -treated in that part of the 2005.03