DO:10.1038/NMAT2858 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION 0.8 0.4 0.4 20 0.0 0.0 0.4 30 0.4 0.0 04 40 匹 0.0 0.8 0.4 50 88 0.4 0.4 70 0.0 0.0L L, 0.60.8 1.01.21.41.6 0.60.81.01.21.41.6 v(x1000cm') v(x1000cm') 0.2 d e 1296cm-1 1400 01 。“。 1300 0.0 ◆ 1200 1160cm-1 ◆ 0.1 1100 ◆ 1000 ■ 0.0 。*。。*。。,1026Cm 900 0 800 0.0 -8 6 4 -2 0 2 2 3456789“ 00 E(eV) number of O atoms Supplementary Figure S3 Cluster simulation results for finite number of edge ether.(a) Cluster models for agglomerated edge ethers increasing from two to seven,(b)their simulated IR intensities where the asymmetric C-O-C stretch mode is indicated by the red line.(c) Examination of the asymmetric C-O-C stretch mode frequency as indicated by the red line with increasing carbon rings along (middle:v=1428 cm)or away (bottom:v=1400 cm)from the NATURE MATERIALS|www.nature.com/naturematerialsnature materials | www.nature.com/naturematerials 5 doi: 10.1038/nmat2858 supplementary information 5 1296 cm-1      1160 cm-1 1026 cm-1 ∞ Supplementary Figure S3 Cluster simulation results for finite number of edge ether. (a) Cluster models for agglomerated edge ethers increasing from two to seven, (b) their simulated IR intensities where the asymmetric C-O-C stretch mode is indicated by the red line. (c) Examination of the asymmetric C-O-C stretch mode frequency as indicated by the red line with increasing carbon rings along (middle: ν=1428 cm-1) or away (bottom: ν=1400 cm-1) from the