工程科学学报，第38卷，第5期：623629,2016年5月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.38,No.5:623-629,May 2016 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2016.05.005:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 硼铁精矿的碳热还原动力学 王广，薛庆国，沈颖峰，王静松⑧ 北京科技大学钢铁治金新技术国家重点实验室，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:wangjingsong(@usth.cdu.cn 摘要为了揭示硼铁精矿的碳热还原机理，以高纯石墨为还原剂，进行硼铁精矿含碳球团等温还原实验，并采用积分法进 行动力学分析.还原温度分别设定为1000、1050、1100、1150、1200、1250和1300℃，配碳量即C10摩尔比=1.0.当还原度为 0.1<a<0.8时，温度对活化能和速率控制环节有重要影响：还原温度≤1100℃时，平均活化能为202.6kJ·mo',还原反应 的速率控制环节为碳的气化反应：还原温度>1100℃时，平均活化能为116.7 kJ*mol'1,为碳气化反应和Fe0还原反应共同控 制.当还原度α≥0.8时（还原温度>1100℃），可能的速率控制环节为碳原子在金属铁中的扩散.碳气化反应是含碳球团还 原过程中主要速率控制环节，原因在于硼铁精矿中硼元素对碳气化反应具有较强烈的化学抑制作用. 关键词铁精矿：硼：碳热还原：还原动力学 分类号TF556 Carbothermic reduction kinetics of boron-bearing iron concentrate WANG Guang,XUE Qing-guo,SHEN Ying feng,WANG Jing-song State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:wangjingsong@ustb.edu.en ABSTRACT In order to deeply understand the carbothermic reduction mechanism of boron-bearing iron concentrate,the isothermal reduction of boron-bearing iron concentrate/carbon composite pellets was performed with high purity graphite as a reductant,and was kinetically analyzed by the integration method.The reduction temperature was set as 1000,1050,1100,1150,1200,1250 and 1300 C,and the C/O molar ratio was 1.0.When the reduction degree ranged from 0.I to 0.8,the reduction temperature had important effect on the apparent activation energy and rate controlling step.If the reduction temperature was not greater than 1100C,the aver- age apparent activation energy was 202.6kJmol,and the rate controlling step was carbon gasification.But if the reduction tempera- ture was higher than 1100 C,the average apparent activation energy was 116.7 kJmol-,and the reduction rate was the mixed control of carbon gasification and FeO reduction reaction.When the reduction degree was not less than 0.8 (reduction temperature >1100C),the reduction might be controlled by carbon diffusion in metallic iron.Carbon gasification is the main rate controlling step for the reduction of the composite pellet due to the intense chemical inhibition effect of boron in the boron-bearing iron concentrate on carbon gasification. KEY WORDS iron concentrate:boron:carbothermic reduction:reduction kinetics 硼被称为“工业味精”，广泛应用于国民经济的多矿（亦称黑硼矿）资源，储量近2.8亿，占我国硼矿总 个领域m.我国传统的硼镁石矿（亦称白硼矿）资源已储量的58%，可以作为硼镁石矿的替代资源四.20世 消耗殆尽，目前我国60%以上的硼矿及硼产品依赖进 纪80年代以来，针对低品位硼铁矿及其经磁重选矿所 口.然而，辽宁地区拥有大量尚未利用的低品位硼铁 得的硼铁精矿提出高炉法、直接还原一电炉熔 收稿日期：201505-24 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51274033,51504216)：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-TP-16019A1)工程科学学报，第 38 卷，第 5 期: 623--629，2016 年 5 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 38，No． 5: 623--629，May 2016 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2016． 05． 005; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 硼铁精矿的碳热还原动力学 王 广，薛庆国，沈颖峰，王静松 北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室，北京 100083  通信作者，E-mail: wangjingsong@ ustb． edu． cn 摘 要 为了揭示硼铁精矿的碳热还原机理，以高纯石墨为还原剂，进行硼铁精矿含碳球团等温还原实验，并采用积分法进 行动力学分析． 还原温度分别设定为 1000、1050、1100、1150、1200、1250 和 1300 ℃，配碳量即 C/O 摩尔比 = 1. 0． 当还原度为 0. 1 ＜ α ＜ 0. 8 时，温度对活化能和速率控制环节有重要影响: 还原温度≤1100 ℃ 时，平均活化能为 202. 6 kJ·mol － 1 ，还原反应 的速率控制环节为碳的气化反应; 还原温度 ＞ 1100 ℃时，平均活化能为 116. 7 kJ·mol － 1 ，为碳气化反应和 FeO 还原反应共同控 制． 当还原度 α≥0. 8 时( 还原温度 ＞ 1100 ℃ ) ，可能的速率控制环节为碳原子在金属铁中的扩散． 碳气化反应是含碳球团还 原过程中主要速率控制环节，原因在于硼铁精矿中硼元素对碳气化反应具有较强烈的化学抑制作用． 关键词 铁精矿; 硼; 碳热还原; 还原动力学 分类号 TF556 Carbothermic reduction kinetics of boron-bearing iron concentrate WANG Guang，XUE Qing-guo，SHEN Ying-feng，WANG Jing-song State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: wangjingsong@ ustb． edu． cn ABSTＲACT In order to deeply understand the carbothermic reduction mechanism of boron-bearing iron concentrate，the isothermal reduction of boron-bearing iron concentrate /carbon composite pellets was performed with high purity graphite as a reductant，and was kinetically analyzed by the integration method． The reduction temperature was set as 1000，1050，1100，1150，1200，1250 and 1300 ℃，and the C/O molar ratio was 1. 0． When the reduction degree ranged from 0. 1 to 0. 8，the reduction temperature had important effect on the apparent activation energy and rate controlling step． If the reduction temperature was not greater than 1100 ℃，the aver￾age apparent activation energy was 202. 6 kJ·mol － 1 ，and the rate controlling step was carbon gasification． But if the reduction tempera￾ture was higher than 1100 ℃，the average apparent activation energy was 116. 7 kJ·mol － 1 ，and the reduction rate was the mixed control of carbon gasification and FeO reduction reaction． When the reduction degree was not less than 0. 8 ( reduction temperature ＞ 1100 ℃ ) ，the reduction might be controlled by carbon diffusion in metallic iron． Carbon gasification is the main rate controlling step for the reduction of the composite pellet due to the intense chemical inhibition effect of boron in the boron-bearing iron concentrate on carbon gasification． KEY WOＲDS iron concentrate; boron; carbothermic reduction; reduction kinetics 收稿日期: 2015--05--24 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51274033，51504216) ; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目( FＲF--TP--16--019A1) 硼被称为“工业味精”，广泛应用于国民经济的多 个领域［1］． 我国传统的硼镁石矿( 亦称白硼矿) 资源已 消耗殆尽，目前我国 60% 以上的硼矿及硼产品依赖进 口． 然而，辽宁地区拥有大量尚未利用的低品位硼铁 矿( 亦称黑硼矿) 资源，储量近 2. 8 亿 t，占我国硼矿总 储量的 58% ，可以作为硼镁石矿的替代资源［2］． 20 世 纪 80 年代以来，针对低品位硼铁矿及其经磁重选矿所 得的硼 铁 精 矿 提 出 高 炉 法［3--4］、直 接 还 原--电 炉 熔