10 attitude directs attention to the full sense of the term which,as noted previously, commonly highlights affective,cognitive and implicit behavioural elements. Satisfaction as a type of attitude is particularly likely to be influenced by the social context,and communicated to others in the tourist's social world (Coghlan Pearce, 2010:Pearce 2005;Pearce Panchal,2011;Ryan,1995).As suggested earlier, narrative analysis can enhance the studies of attitudes of any type because the approach can address the social and dynamic nature of the concept(Guthrie Anderson,2010:Pearce,2010). Second,by recognising that satisfaction has core emotional components,a wider array of emotional states beyond the one simple term of favourability can usefully be employed to assess outcomes.Richins(1997)argues that consumption emotions differ in character and intensity from emotions that are experienced in other contexts. She generated a list of affective states that capture a substantial array of consumption emotions.Her list of potential emotional states which could be used to capture how tourists feel about the diverse experiences in which they may be involved include happy,contented,optimistic,pleased,worried,frustrated,tense,lonely,unfulfilled, discontented,irritated,sad and depressed. Third,measuring satisfaction as a post-experience outcome can benefit from a triangulation of methods.Assessing satisfaction and other evaluation responses with different tools enables researchers to check the reliability of the information received In particular,adopting varied methods usually alters the different social contexts in which data are collected thus modifying the reactive effects of any one measurement approach.Collecting information through survey responses is its own distinctive form of communication;enhancing that communication channel by permitting data from other pathways is likely to be instructive. A fourth issue for future attention is allied to our triangulation concern.In the existing work there is a close alignment between methods and conceptual approaches in this area.The popular expectancy disconfirmation paradigm(EDP)-where satisfaction is defined as the meeting or exceeding of expectations-works in some contexts and for some familiar products(Kozak 2001).The EDP framework goes too far however in equating satisfaction with its expectations-based assessment.As a number of commentators have noted,expectations may be vague and inadequate as well as very difficult to measure in advance of tourists'actually participating in the experience(Botterill,1987;de Crop,2001;Pearce,2005).These difficulties should not result in a view that satisfaction has not occurred.Measuring expectations and outcomes can be still seen as appropriate when satisfaction is conceptualised as a post-consumption attitude but such an approach may be restricted to fewer components of the evaluative array.More frequent uses of the benchmarking and importance-performance approaches and direct post-trip evaluation techniques are recommended so that continuing confusion resulting from defining satisfaction through one type of measurement is not perpetuated(Pearce Benckendorff,2006). A fifth and further issue is the need to assess more thoughtfully the interplay for tourists between their individual satisfaction and the satisfaction of other members of their travel party.The dominant tradition in satisfaction research,in fact almost the exclusive tradition,is to ask individuals for their own evaluations of their travels. Diener and Biswas-Diener(2008)observe that some respondents in Asian cultures, and potentially many other tourists,see their happiness and satisfaction as entirely bound up with and dependent on the good times of their close group.Collecting the perspectives of individuals on how other members of their travel party have enjoyed10 attitude directs attention to the full sense of the term which, as noted previously, commonly highlights affective, cognitive and implicit behavioural elements. Satisfaction as a type of attitude is particularly likely to be influenced by the social context, and communicated to others in the tourist’s social world (Coghlan & Pearce, 2010; Pearce 2005; Pearce & Panchal, 2011; Ryan, 1995). As suggested earlier, narrative analysis can enhance the studies of attitudes of any type because the approach can address the social and dynamic nature of the concept (Guthrie & Anderson, 2010; Pearce, 2010). Second, by recognising that satisfaction has core emotional components, a wider array of emotional states beyond the one simple term of favourability can usefully be employed to assess outcomes. Richins (1997) argues that consumption emotions differ in character and intensity from emotions that are experienced in other contexts. She generated a list of affective states that capture a substantial array of consumption emotions. Her list of potential emotional states which could be used to capture how tourists feel about the diverse experiences in which they may be involved include happy, contented, optimistic, pleased, worried, frustrated, tense, lonely, unfulfilled, discontented, irritated, sad and depressed. Third, measuring satisfaction as a post-experience outcome can benefit from a triangulation of methods. Assessing satisfaction and other evaluation responses with different tools enables researchers to check the reliability of the information received. In particular, adopting varied methods usually alters the different social contexts in which data are collected thus modifying the reactive effects of any one measurement approach. Collecting information through survey responses is its own distinctive form of communication; enhancing that communication channel by permitting data from other pathways is likely to be instructive. A fourth issue for future attention is allied to our triangulation concern. In the existing work there is a close alignment between methods and conceptual approaches in this area. The popular expectancy disconfirmation paradigm (EDP) – where satisfaction is defined as the meeting or exceeding of expectations – works in some contexts and for some familiar products (Kozak 2001). The EDP framework goes too far however in equating satisfaction with its expectations-based assessment. As a number of commentators have noted, expectations may be vague and inadequate as well as very difficult to measure in advance of tourists’ actually participating in the experience (Botterill, 1987; de Crop, 2001; Pearce, 2005). These difficulties should not result in a view that satisfaction has not occurred. Measuring expectations and outcomes can be still seen as appropriate when satisfaction is conceptualised as a post-consumption attitude but such an approach may be restricted to fewer components of the evaluative array. More frequent uses of the benchmarking and importance-performance approaches and direct post-trip evaluation techniques are recommended so that continuing confusion resulting from defining satisfaction through one type of measurement is not perpetuated (Pearce & Benckendorff, 2006). A fifth and further issue is the need to assess more thoughtfully the interplay for tourists between their individual satisfaction and the satisfaction of other members of their travel party. The dominant tradition in satisfaction research, in fact almost the exclusive tradition, is to ask individuals for their own evaluations of their travels. Diener and Biswas-Diener (2008) observe that some respondents in Asian cultures, and potentially many other tourists, see their happiness and satisfaction as entirely bound up with and dependent on the good times of their close group. Collecting the perspectives of individuals on how other members of their travel party have enjoyed