based arrays are flexible,easy to handle,and have increased protein binding capacity,but are less amenable to high throughput or automated processing.Chemically derivatized glass slides allow for printing of sub- microliter sized antibody spots,reducing the array surface area without sacrificing spot density.This in tu e iquid handling syst arrays,owing to their smooth and rigid structure Most antib array systen s employ 1 of 2 non- antibody detection the binding of 2 dist c binding to a unique epitope).confersgreater specificity and lower background signal compared with label-based immunodetection(where only 1 capture antibody is used and detection is achieved by chemically labeling all proteins in the star Sandw n-base lly attain the high spec o the d of d tched antihe the are easier to develop at a lower cost using the single antibody label-based approach.In this methodology,one set of specific antibodies is used and all the proteins in a sample are labelled directly by fluorescent dyes or haptens I analyzing autoimmune prote-protenneracons Dan U panel of 24 cvtokines from cell culture conditioned media and patient's sera and was able to profile cytokine expression at physiological levels.Huang took this technology and started a new business,RayBiotech,Inc. the first to successfully commercialize a planar antibody array In the last ten years,the sensitivity of the method was improved by an optimization of the surface chemistry as chemical labeling Cuely,the sensity of antibodyy and antibody arrays are regularly used for profiling experiments on tissue samples,plasma or serum samples and many nofannctc or cane geoDzWT0goAnp200aanoyaycosn07oosceosipw growth factors,angiogenic factors,proteases,soluble receptors,soluble adhesion molecules,and other proteins asshserm ofcancer parietsaheho on between normal and cance r sample More recently,antibody arrays have mne sp gy-re is 37)p erum proteins whe are as 01 h glioma and car ful in eas other than cancer cal dise heimer's A number of studies have attempted to identify biomarker panels that can distinguish Alzheimer's patients,and many have used er and colle ays ar orks afte ationships f th enis [38)Cu tly the andwich- cts 1000 diffor ins.3]Antibody ar are often used for detecting otein expression from man sample types,but also expression in two different blood preparations:serum and dried blood spots These different bloo preparations were analyze d sample u using thre eantibody array plattor s:sandwich- tve,and eans of pbtainin -ho areas,can be used effectively with antibody array analysis for biomarker discovery,protein profiling.and disease screening.diagnosis,and treatment