In the 19th century the university's enrollment and its professorial staff were greatly expanded. The first womens college at Oxford, Lady Margaret Hall, was founded in 1878, and women were first admitted to full membership in the university in 1920. In the 20th century Oxfords curriculum was modernized Science came to be taken much more seriously and professionally, and many new faculties(R)were dded, including ones for modern languages, political science, and economic Postgraduate stud ies also expanded greatly in the 20th century The Oxford University Press, established in 1478, is one of the largest and most prestigious university publishers in the world. Many famous men and women were from the university includ ing Margaret Thatcher 2)Cambridge University Cambridge University is another English autonomous institution of higher learning at Cambridge. It is situated 50 miles( 80 km) north of London The start of the university is generally taken as 1209, when scholars from Oxford migrated to Cambridge to escape Oxford' s riots of" town and gown(大学全体师生) (townspeople versus scholars). To avert possible troubles, the authorities in Cambridge allowed only scholars under the superv is ion of a master to remain in the town. It was partly to provide an orderly place of residence that the first college, Peterhouse, was founded in 1284 by a bishop Over the next three centuries another 15 colleges were founded, and in 13 18 Cambridge received formal recognition Cambridge remained fairly insignificant until about 1502, when a professorship 教授之职) of divinity(神) was founded- the oldest in the university.In1546 Henry VIlI founded Trinity College (which was and still remains the largest of the ge ollege buildings are rich in history and trad ition. Kings College Chapel, begun in 1446, is one of Britains most magnificent build ing *** Two features of Oxford and Cambridge are widely admired. One is that all students live in college during at least part of their course to foster a community spirit The other feature is the tutorial system. Each student gets personal tuition once a week in his tutors own room. In this way, students are not compelled to attend general lectures. On the other hand, the lectures therefore must be of higher quality if they are to attract a large student audience 2. The Redbrick Universities The Redbrick Universities include all the provincial universities of the period 1850-1930 as well as London University. Because the favorite build ing material of the period between 1850-1930 is red brick, and all the universities of the time were built in red brick. Thus, they were called the Redbrick Universiti14 In the 19th century the university's enrollment and its professorial staff were greatly expanded. The first women's college at Oxford, Lady Margaret Hall, was founded in 1878, and women were first admitted to full membership in the university in 1920. In the 20th century Oxford's curriculum was modernized. Science came to be taken much more seriously and professionally, and many new faculties (系) were added, including ones for modern languages, political science, and economics. Postgraduate studies also expanded greatly in the 20th century. The Oxford University Press, established in 1478, is one of the largest and most prestigious university publishers in the world. Many famous men and women were from the university including Margaret Thatcher. 2) Cambridge University Cambridge University is another English autonomous institution of higher learning at Cambridge. It is situated 50 miles (80 km) north of London. The start of the university is generally taken as 1209, when scholars from Oxford migrated to Cambridge to escape Oxford's riots of "town and gown (大学全体师生)" (townspeople versus scholars). To avert possible troubles, the authorities in Cambridge allowed only scholars under the supervision of a master to remain in the town. It was partly to provide an orderly place of residence that the first college, Peterhouse, was founded in 1284 by a bishop. Over the next three centuries another 15 colleges were founded, and in 1318 Cambridge received formal recognition. Cambridge remained fairly insignificant until about 1502, when a professorship (教授之职) of divinity (神) was founded--the oldest in the university. In 1546 Henry VIII founded Trinity College (which was and still remains the largest of the Cambridge colleges). Many of the college buildings are rich in history and tradition. King's College Chapel, begun in 1446, is one of Britain's most magnificent buildings. *** Two features of Oxford and Cambridge are widely admired. One is that all students live in college during at least part of their course to foster a community spirit. The other feature is the tutorial system. Each student gets personal tuition once a week in his tutor’s own room. In this way, students are not compelled to attend general lectures. On the other hand, the lectures therefore must be of higher quality if they are to attract a large student audience. 2. The Redbrick Universities The Redbrick Universities include all the provincial universities of the period 1850-1930 as well as London University. Because the favorite building material of the period between 1850-1930 is red brick, and all the universities of the time were built in red brick. Thus, they were called the Redbrick Universities