王昆等:无人机遥感在矿业领域应用现状及发展态势 ·1093· 杂场景建模等注人新的活力,进一步丰富无人机 [7]Colomina I,Molina P.Unmanned aerial systems for 遥感技术在矿业领域的应用场景 photogrammetry and remote sensing:a review.ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens,2014,92:79 4结论 [8]Li Q.Application of Low-Altitude UAV Remote Sensing in Mine Monitoring [Dissertation].Beijing:China University of 全球范围内,无人机遥感技术正展示出强大 Geosciences(Beijing),2013 的应用潜力与蓬勃的市场前景,在矿业领域中的 (李迁.低空无人机遥感在矿山监测中的应用研究一以赣州 创新应用层出不穷.本文在大量文献调研的基础 稀土矿区为例学位论文】.北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013) 上,梳理总结了无人机遥感技术特征与工作流程、 [9] Xiang J,Chen J P,Sofia G,et al.Open-pit mine geomorphic 应用场景、实际案例以及发展态势,主要结论包 changes analysis using multi-temporal UAV survey.Environ Earth 括:(1)无人机遥感具备成本低廉、机动性强、数 c1,2018,77(6):220 据采集灵活、时效性强、可重复、高分辨率等优 [10]Chen J P,Li K,Chang K J,et al.Open-pit mining geomorphic 势,针对特定应用场景,多旋翼、固定翼无人机平 feature characterisation.Int J Appl Earth Observ Geoinform,2015. 42:76 台可搭载光学、红外、多光谱等传感器:(2)当前 [11]Zhang Y X,Lan P T,Jin Y C,et al.Practice and exploration of 该技术在矿业领域主要应用于露天矿生产管理、 unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photogram- 尾矿库安全监测、灾害应急救援、矿区环境监测、 metry technology in the monitoring of open pit mines.Bull Surv 边坡灾害防治,国内外学者积累了大量研究案例; Mapp,2017(Suppl):114 (3)规范监管、简化操控方式、提升续航时间、改 (张玉侠,兰鹏涛,金元春,等.无人机三维倾斜摄影技术在露天 善成果精度、拓展应用场景是该技术应用未来发 矿山监测中的实践与探索.测绘通报,2017(增刊少:114) 展趋势.随着技术革新、装备升级以及前沿技术 [12]Xu Z H,Wu L X,Chen S J,et al.Method of engineering volume 交叉融合,无人机遥感技术在矿业领域更加深入 monitoring and calculation for open-pit mine from UAV images.J Northeast Univ Nat Sci,2016,37(1):84 的创新应用,将颠覆传统矿业生产管理模式,势必 (许志华,吴立新,陈绍杰,等.基于无人机影像的露天矿工程量 成为智慧矿山体系建设中不可缺少的重要组成 监测分析方法.东北大学学报:自然科学版,2016,37(1):84) 部分 [13] Esposito G,Mastrorocco G,Salvini R,et al.Application of UAV photogrammetry for the multi-temporal estimation of surface 参考文献 extent and volumetric excavation in the Sa Pigada Bianca open-pit [1]Pajares G.Overview and current status of remote sensing mine,Sardinia,Italy.Environ Earth Sci,2017,76(3):103 applications based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) [14]Yang Q S,Fan BB,Wei X L,et al.Research on the application of Photogramm Eng Remote Sens,2015,81(4):281 unmanned aerial vehicle technology in Xinjiang mineral [2] Li D R.Development prospect of photogrammetry and remote monitoring.Bull Surv Mapp,2015(5):91 sensing.Geomat Inform Sci Wuhan Univ,2008,33(12):1211 (杨青山,范彬彬,魏显龙,等.无人机摄影测量技术在新疆矿山 (李德仁.摄影测量与遥感学的发展展望.武汉大学学报:信息 储量动态监测中的应用.测绘通报,2015(5):91) 科学版,2008,33(12):1211) [15]Raeva P L,Filipova S L,Filipov D G.Volume computation of a [3]Li D R,Li M.Research advance and application prospect of stockpile-A study case comparing GPS and UAV measurements unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing system.Geomat Inform in an open pit quarry.Int Arch Photogram Remote Sens Spatial Sci Wuhan Univ,2014,39(5):505 Inform Sci,2016,XLI-B1:999 (李德仁,李明.无人机遥感系统的研究进展与应用前景.武汉 [16]Tong X H,Liu X F,Chen P,et al.Integration of UAV-based 大学学报:信息科学版,2014,39(5):505) photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning for the three- [4]Roosevelt C H.Mapping site-level microtopography with real-time dimensional mapping and monitoring of Open-Pit Mine Areas. kinematic global navigation satellite systems (RTK GNSS)and Remote Sens,2015,7(6):6635 unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry (UAVP).Open [17]Cui Z Q.The application of the high precision airborne Archaeol,2014,1:29 geophysical survey to the investigation of important metallogenic [5]Yan D.Zhou N E.The applications and prospects of CH UAV belts.Geophys Geochem Explor,2018,42(1):38 systems.Comput Eng Sofnware,2018,39(9):117 (雀志强.高精度航空物探在重要成矿带资源调查中的应用.物 (月东,周乃恩彩虹无人机系列应用及展望.软件2018,39(9): 探与化探,2018,42(1):38) 117) [18]Li F,Ding Z Q,Cui Z Q,et al.Application demonstration of the [6]Giordan D,Hayakawa Y,Nex F,et al.The use of remotely piloted CH-3 UAV-borne magnetic survey system in different terrain aircraft systems (RPASs)for natural hazards monitoring and areas of Xinjiang.Geol Explor,2018,54(4):735 management.Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci,2018,18(4):1079 (李飞,丁志强,崔志强,等.CH3无人机航磁测量系统在我国新杂场景建模等注入新的活力,进一步丰富无人机 遥感技术在矿业领域的应用场景. 4 结论 全球范围内,无人机遥感技术正展示出强大 的应用潜力与蓬勃的市场前景,在矿业领域中的 创新应用层出不穷. 本文在大量文献调研的基础 上,梳理总结了无人机遥感技术特征与工作流程、 应用场景、实际案例以及发展态势,主要结论包 括:(1)无人机遥感具备成本低廉、机动性强、数 据采集灵活、时效性强、可重复、高分辨率等优 势,针对特定应用场景,多旋翼、固定翼无人机平 台可搭载光学、红外、多光谱等传感器;(2)当前 该技术在矿业领域主要应用于露天矿生产管理、 尾矿库安全监测、灾害应急救援、矿区环境监测、 边坡灾害防治,国内外学者积累了大量研究案例; (3)规范监管、简化操控方式、提升续航时间、改 善成果精度、拓展应用场景是该技术应用未来发 展趋势. 随着技术革新、装备升级以及前沿技术 交叉融合,无人机遥感技术在矿业领域更加深入 的创新应用,将颠覆传统矿业生产管理模式,势必 成为智慧矿山体系建设中不可缺少的重要组成 部分. 参 考 文 献 Pajares G. Overview and current status of remote sensing applications based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Photogramm Eng Remote Sens, 2015, 81(4): 281 [1] Li D R. Development prospect of photogrammetry and remote sensing. Geomat Inform Sci Wuhan Univ, 2008, 33(12): 1211 (李德仁. 摄影测量与遥感学的发展展望. 武汉大学学报: 信息 科学版, 2008, 33(12):1211) [2] Li D R, Li M. Research advance and application prospect of unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing system. Geomat Inform Sci Wuhan Univ, 2014, 39(5): 505 (李德仁, 李明. 无人机遥感系统的研究进展与应用前景. 武汉 大学学报: 信息科学版, 2014, 39(5):505) [3] Roosevelt C H. Mapping site-level microtopography with real-time kinematic global navigation satellite systems (RTK GNSS) and unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry (UAVP). Open Archaeol, 2014, 1: 29 [4] Yan D, Zhou N E. The applications and prospects of CH UAV systems. Comput Eng Software, 2018, 39(9): 117 (闫东, 周乃恩. 彩虹无人机系列应用及展望. 软件, 2018, 39(9): 117) [5] Giordan D, Hayakawa Y, Nex F, et al. The use of remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) for natural hazards monitoring and management. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci, 2018, 18(4): 1079 [6] Colomina I, Molina P. Unmanned aerial systems for photogrammetry and remote sensing: a review. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens, 2014, 92: 79 [7] Li Q. Application of Low-Altitude UAV Remote Sensing in Mine Monitoring [Dissertation]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2013 (李迁. 低空无人机遥感在矿山监测中的应用研究——以赣州 稀土矿区为例[学位论文]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2013) [8] Xiang J, Chen J P, Sofia G, et al. Open-pit mine geomorphic changes analysis using multi-temporal UAV survey. Environ Earth Sci, 2018, 77(6): 220 [9] Chen J P, Li K, Chang K J, et al. Open-pit mining geomorphic feature characterisation. Int J Appl Earth Observ Geoinform, 2015, 42: 76 [10] Zhang Y X, Lan P T, Jin Y C, et al. Practice and exploration of unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional oblique photogrammetry technology in the monitoring of open pit mines. Bull Surv Mapp, 2017(Suppl): 114 (张玉侠, 兰鹏涛, 金元春, 等. 无人机三维倾斜摄影技术在露天 矿山监测中的实践与探索. 测绘通报, 2017(增刊): 114) [11] Xu Z H, Wu L X, Chen S J, et al. Method of engineering volume monitoring and calculation for open-pit mine from UAV images. J Northeast Univ Nat Sci, 2016, 37(1): 84 (许志华, 吴立新, 陈绍杰, 等. 基于无人机影像的露天矿工程量 监测分析方法. 东北大学学报: 自然科学版, 2016, 37(1):84) [12] Esposito G, Mastrorocco G, Salvini R, et al. Application of UAV photogrammetry for the multi-temporal estimation of surface extent and volumetric excavation in the Sa Pigada Bianca open-pit mine, Sardinia, Italy. Environ Earth Sci, 2017, 76(3): 103 [13] Yang Q S, Fan B B, Wei X L, et al. Research on the application of unmanned aerial vehicle technology in Xinjiang mineral monitoring. Bull Surv Mapp, 2015(5): 91 (杨青山, 范彬彬, 魏显龙, 等. 无人机摄影测量技术在新疆矿山 储量动态监测中的应用. 测绘通报, 2015(5):91) [14] Raeva P L, Filipova S L, Filipov D G. Volume computation of a stockpile—A study case comparing GPS and UAV measurements in an open pit quarry. Int Arch Photogram Remote Sens Spatial Inform Sci, 2016, XLI-B1: 999 [15] Tong X H, Liu X F, Chen P, et al. Integration of UAV-based photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning for the threedimensional mapping and monitoring of Open-Pit Mine Areas. Remote Sens, 2015, 7(6): 6635 [16] Cui Z Q. The application of the high precision airborne geophysical survey to the investigation of important metallogenic belts. Geophys Geochem Explor, 2018, 42(1): 38 (崔志强. 高精度航空物探在重要成矿带资源调查中的应用. 物 探与化探, 2018, 42(1):38) [17] Li F, Ding Z Q, Cui Z Q, et al. Application demonstration of the CH-3 UAV-borne magnetic survey system in different terrain areas of Xinjiang. Geol Explor, 2018, 54(4): 735 (李飞, 丁志强, 崔志强, 等. CH-3无人机航磁测量系统在我国新 [18] 王 昆等: 无人机遥感在矿业领域应用现状及发展态势 · 1093 ·