More:Contractive auto-encoder Ref:Rifai,Salah,et al."Contractive Auto-encoder auto-encoders:Explicit invariance during feature extraction."Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on De-noising auto-encoder Machine Learning(ICML-11).2011. As close as possible ◆ encode decode Add noise Vincent,Pascal,et al."Extracting and composing robust features with denoising autoencoders."/CML,2008.Auto-encoder • De-noising auto-encoder 𝑥 𝑥 ො 𝑐 encode decode Add noise 𝑥′ As close as possible More: Contractive auto-encoder Ref: Rifai, Salah, et al. "Contractive auto-encoders: Explicit invariance during feature extraction.“ Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML-11). 2011. Vincent, Pascal, et al. "Extracting and composing robust features with denoising autoencoders." ICML, 2008