In the 1970s.the b-cell cancer multiple mveloma was known.It was understood that these cancerous b-cells all 股ma8的e In 1975.Georges kohler and cesar milstein succeeded in making fusions of mveloma cell lines with b cells to create hybridomas that could produce antibodies,specific to known antigens and that were immortalized.2] They shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 for the discovery.2] Production Hybridoma development monoclonal antibodies are typically made by cell culture that involves fusing myeloma cells with mouse spleen cells immunized with the desired antigen.Rabbit B-cells can be used to form a rabbit hybridoma Polyethyl lisused to fus s,but the rwis used This is possible because mveloma cells have lost the ability to synthesize hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl transferase ng at slides o (HGPRT),an enzyme necessary for the salvage synthesis of nucleic acids altures of cells that mak not a problem se cells ess the de nov hese an a folic acid anal nalying the pro cts to select the most promising of them makes them unable to use the de novo pathway and become fully auxotrophic for nucleic acids,thus requiring supplementation to survive The selective culture medium is called HAT medium because it contains hypoxanthine,aminopterin and thymidine.This medium is selective for ma)cells.Unfused myelom of their limit hbrid cell.referred to as hybridomas,are able to grow indefinitely in the media because the spleen cell partner supplies HGPRT and the myeloma partner has traits that make it immortal (similar to a cancer cell). unlimited quantities in the bottle This mixture of cells is then diluted and clones are grown from single hown in this picture parent cells on microtitre wells.The antibodies secreted by the different clones are sayed for ost productive and stable clone is ther The hybridomas y. indefinitely ina suitable cel cu edium.They can also be inj ng the gut ney pro called ascites fluid. The medium must be enriched dur selection to further favour hybrido wth This aaemoa Novel mAb development technology