·1574· 工程科学学报，第39卷，第10期 (2)通过设计专门的实验电机，首次得到了高速 realization of a pulsewidth modulator based on voltage space vec- (数万转每分钟)下脉冲宽度调制驱动与方波驱动的 tors.IEEE T Ind Appl,1988.24(1)142 转子温升特性曲线，为分析不同驱动方式下电机转子 [11]De S,Rajne M,Poosapati S,et al.Low-inductance axial flux 的涡流损耗提供了实验依据. BLDC motor drive for more electric aireraft.IET Power Electron, 2012,5(1):124 (3)采用双电平启动保证了启动阶段的稳定性， [12]Zhao L M,Ham C H,Wu T X,et al.Development of a super 提高了启动环节的效率，并首次通过实验研究找到了 high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)con- 理想的占空比组合 troller and analysis of the experimental results.Syst Cybern In- (4)通过对分压滤波电路的优化设计、二极管续 fm,2005,3(1):72 流的分析和Bu©k变换器电感的优化设计，提高了驱动 [13]Zwyssig C,Duerr M,Hassler D,et al.An ultra-high-speed, 器的整体效率. 500000 rpm,1 kW electrical drive system//Power Conrersion Conference-Nagoya.Nagoya,2007:1577 [14]Noguchi T,Yamashita Y,Ibaraki S.160,000 r/min,2.7kW e- 参考文献 lectric drive of supercharger for automobiles//International Con- [1]Fouladgar J,Chauveau E.The influence of the harmonics on the ference on Power Electronics and Drires Systems.Kuala Lumpur, temperature of electrical machines.IEEE T Magn,2005,41(5): 2005:1380 1644 [15]Wu X J,Zhou B.Song F.A new control method to correct posi- [2]Gao P F,Fang J C,Han B C,et al.Analysis of rotor eddy-cur- tion phase for sensorless brushless DC motor.Trans China Elec- rent loss in high-speed permanent magnet motors.Mficromotors, trotechn Soc,2009,24(4):54 2013,46(5):5 (吴小婧，周波，宋飞.基于端电压对称的无位置传感器无 (高鹏飞，房建成.韩邦成，等.高速永磁电机的转子涡流损 刷直流电机位置信号相位校正.电工技术学报，2009,24 耗分析.微电机，2013,46(5)：5) (4):54) [3]Zhou F Z,Shen J X,Lin R G.Reduction of rotor loss in high- [16]Wang H B,Liu H P,Zhang Y,et al.Sensorless BLDC drive al- speed permanent magnet motors by design method.J Zhejiang lowing for neutral point voltage.Trans China Electrotechn Soc, Unir Eng Sci,2007,41(9):1587 2009,24(7):46 (周凤争，沈建新，林瑞光.从电机设计的角度减少高速永磁 (王华斌，刘和平，张毅，等计及中性点电压的无刷直流电 电机转子损耗。浙江大学学报（工学版），2007,41(9)： 机无位置传感器控制.电工技术学报，2009.24(7)：46) 1587) [17]LiZQ,Xia C L,Chen W.A position sensorless control strategy [4]Cavagnino A,Miotto A,Tenconi A,et al.Eddy current losses re- for BLDCM based on line back-EMF.Trans China Electrotechn duction in fractional slot concentrated winding PM generators for Soe,2010.25(7):38 more electric engine application /2011 IEEE International Con- (李志强，夏长亮，陈炜.基于线反电动势的无刷直流电机 ference on Clean Electrical Power.Ischia,2011:357 无位置传感器控制.电工技术学报，2010,25(7)：38) [5] Khomfoi S,Kinnares V,Viriya P.Influence of PWM characteris- [18]Zhang Q,Feng M.BLDC motor commutation position optimiza- tics on the core losses due to harmonic voltages in PWM fed induc- tion strategy based on bus current.J Beijing Unir Aeron Astron, tion motors//IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. 2016,42(7):1441 Singapore,2000:365 (张前，冯明.基于母线电流的无刷直流电机换相位置优化 [6]Hoseinpour A,Ghazi R.Modified PWM technique for harmonic 策略.北京航空航天大学学报，2016,42(7)：1441) reduction.ISRN Electr,2012,2012:917897 [19]Zhang Q,Feng M.Semi-close-loop startup method for sensorless [7]Caricchi F,Crescimbini F,Di Napoli A.20kW water-cooled pro- ultra-high-speed permanent magnet brushless motor.Electr Mach totype of a buck-hoost bidirectional DC-DC converter topology for Contrl,2016,20(10):46 electrical vehicle motor drives /Proceedings 1995 Tenth Annual (张前，冯明.超高速永磁无刷电机无位置传感器半闭环启 Applied Pouer Electronics Conference and Exposition.Dallas, 动法.电机与控制学报，2016,20(10)：46) 1995:887 [20]Yang M,Liu J,Xu DG.Analysis and compensation of commu- [8]Zou J B,Li J J,Xu Y X,et al.Influences of drive strategies on tated current freewheeling for sensorless brushless DC motor un- the loss of permanent magnet brushless direct current motor.Trans der heavy-load condition.Proc Chin Soc Elect Eng,2013,33 China Electrotechn Soc,2011,26(9):43 (30):106 (邹继斌，李建军，徐永向，等.驱动方式对永磁无刷直流电 (杨明，刘杰，徐殿国.重载条件下无刷直流电机无位置传 机损耗的影响.电工技术学报，2011,26(9)：43) 感器驱动换相续流影响的分析及其补偿.中国电机工程学 [9]Zhao NN,Liu W G.Zhu Z Q.Losses and thermal analysis of 报，2013,33(30)：106) permanent magnet brushless motor under different drive modes. [21]Zhao X K.Practical Manual of Power Technology-Magnetic Electr Mach Contrl,2013,17(9):92 Components.Shenyang:Liaoning Science and Teehnology Press, (赵南南，刘卫国，Zhu Z Q.不同驱动方式下永磁无刷电动 2002 机损耗及热场研究.电机与控制学报，2013,17(9)：92) (赵修科.实用电源技术手册—磁性元器件分册.沈阳： [10]Van Der Broeck H W,Skudelny H C,Stanke G V.Analysis and 辽宁科学技术出版社，2002)工程科学学报,第 39 卷,第 10 期 (2) 通过设计专门的实验电机,首次得到了高速 (数万转每分钟) 下脉冲宽度调制驱动与方波驱动的 转子温升特性曲线,为分析不同驱动方式下电机转子 的涡流损耗提供了实验依据. (3) 采用双电平启动保证了启动阶段的稳定性, 提高了启动环节的效率,并首次通过实验研究找到了 理想的占空比组合. (4)通过对分压滤波电路的优化设计、二极管续 流的分析和 Buck 变换器电感的优化设计,提高了驱动 器的整体效率. 参 考 文 献 [1] Fouladgar J, Chauveau E. The influence of the harmonics on the temperature of electrical machines. IEEE T Magn, 2005, 41(5): 1644 [2] Gao P F, Fang J C, Han B C, et al. Analysis of rotor eddy鄄cur鄄 rent loss in high鄄speed permanent magnet motors. Micromotors, 2013, 46(5): 5 (高鹏飞, 房建成, 韩邦成, 等. 高速永磁电机的转子涡流损 耗分析. 微电机, 2013, 46(5): 5) [3] Zhou F Z, Shen J X, Lin R G. Reduction of rotor loss in high鄄 speed permanent magnet motors by design method. J Zhejiang Univ Eng Sci, 2007, 41(9): 1587 (周凤争, 沈建新, 林瑞光. 从电机设计的角度减少高速永磁 电机转子损耗. 浙江大学学报 ( 工学版), 2007, 41 ( 9 ): 1587) [4] Cavagnino A, Miotto A, Tenconi A, et al. Eddy current losses re鄄 duction in fractional slot concentrated winding PM generators for more electric engine application / / 2011 IEEE International Con鄄 ference on Clean Electrical Power. Ischia, 2011: 357 [5] Khomfoi S, Kinnares V, Viriya P. Influence of PWM characteris鄄 tics on the core losses due to harmonic voltages in PWM fed induc鄄 tion motors / / IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Singapore, 2000: 365 [6] Hoseinpour A, Ghazi R. Modified PWM technique for harmonic reduction. ISRN Electr, 2012, 2012: 917897 [7] Caricchi F, Crescimbini F, Di Napoli A. 20 kW water鄄cooled pro鄄 totype of a buck鄄boost bidirectional DC鄄DC converter topology for electrical vehicle motor drives / / Proceedings 1995 Tenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. Dallas, 1995: 887 [8] Zou J B, Li J J, Xu Y X, et al. Influences of drive strategies on the loss of permanent magnet brushless direct current motor. Trans China Electrotechn Soc, 2011, 26(9): 43 (邹继斌, 李建军, 徐永向, 等. 驱动方式对永磁无刷直流电 机损耗的影响. 电工技术学报, 2011, 26(9): 43) [9] Zhao N N, Liu W G, Zhu Z Q. Losses and thermal analysis of permanent magnet brushless motor under different drive modes. Electr Mach Contrl, 2013, 17(9): 92 (赵南南, 刘卫国, Zhu Z Q. 不同驱动方式下永磁无刷电动 机损耗及热场研究. 电机与控制学报, 2013, 17(9): 92) [10] Van Der Broeck H W, Skudelny H C, Stanke G V. Analysis and realization of a pulsewidth modulator based on voltage space vec鄄 tors. IEEE T Ind Appl, 1988, 24(1): 142 [11] De S, Rajne M, Poosapati S, et al. Low鄄inductance axial flux BLDC motor drive for more electric aircraft. IET Power Electron, 2012, 5(1): 124 [12] Zhao L M, Ham C H, Wu T X, et al. Development of a super high鄄speed permanent magnet synchronous motor ( PMSM) con鄄 troller and analysis of the experimental results. Syst Cybern In鄄 form, 2005, 3(1): 72 [13] Zwyssig C, Duerr M, Hassler D, et al. An ultra鄄high鄄speed, 500000 rpm, 1 kW electrical drive system / / Power Conversion Conference鄄Nagoya. Nagoya, 2007: 1577 [14] Noguchi T, Yamashita Y, Ibaraki S. 160,000 r/ min, 2郾 7 kW e鄄 lectric drive of supercharger for automobiles / / International Con鄄 ference on Power Electronics and Drives Systems. Kuala Lumpur, 2005: 1380 [15] Wu X J, Zhou B, Song F. A new control method to correct posi鄄 tion phase for sensorless brushless DC motor. Trans China Elec鄄 trotechn Soc, 2009, 24(4): 54 (吴小婧, 周波, 宋飞. 基于端电压对称的无位置传感器无 刷直流电机位置信号相位校正. 电工技术学报, 2009, 24 (4): 54) [16] Wang H B, Liu H P, Zhang Y, et al. Sensorless BLDC drive al鄄 lowing for neutral point voltage. Trans China Electrotechn Soc, 2009, 24(7): 46 (王华斌, 刘和平, 张毅, 等. 计及中性点电压的无刷直流电 机无位置传感器控制. 电工技术学报, 2009, 24(7): 46) [17] Li Z Q, Xia C L, Chen W. A position sensorless control strategy for BLDCM based on line back鄄EMF. Trans China Electrotechn Soc, 2010, 25(7): 38 (李志强, 夏长亮, 陈炜. 基于线反电动势的无刷直流电机 无位置传感器控制. 电工技术学报, 2010, 25(7): 38) [18] Zhang Q, Feng M. BLDC motor commutation position optimiza鄄 tion strategy based on bus current. J Beijing Univ Aeron Astron, 2016, 42(7): 1441 (张前, 冯明. 基于母线电流的无刷直流电机换相位置优化 策略. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2016, 42(7): 1441) [19] Zhang Q, Feng M. Semi鄄close鄄loop startup method for sensorless ultra鄄high鄄speed permanent magnet brushless motor. Electr Mach Contrl, 2016, 20(10): 46 (张前, 冯明. 超高速永磁无刷电机无位置传感器半闭环启 动法. 电机与控制学报, 2016, 20(10): 46) [20] Yang M, Liu J, Xu D G. Analysis and compensation of commu鄄 tated current freewheeling for sensorless brushless DC motor un鄄 der heavy鄄load condition. Proc Chin Soc Elect Eng, 2013, 33 (30): 106 (杨明, 刘杰, 徐殿国. 重载条件下无刷直流电机无位置传 感器驱动换相续流影响的分析及其补偿. 中国电机工程学 报, 2013, 33(30): 106) [21] Zhao X K. Practical Manual of Power Technology———Magnetic Components. Shenyang: Liaoning Science and Technology Press, 2002 (赵修科. 实用电源技术手册———磁性元器件分册. 沈阳: 辽宁科学技术出版社, 2002) ·1574·