Manifestation of renal dysfunction o Glomerulus decreased GER glomerular filtration membrane permeability alteration o Renal tubule concentrative function decline(hyposthennuria/isosthenuria water, electrolyte acid-base disorder others o Endocrine disorder hypertension. anemia. renal osteodystrophy othersManifestation of renal dysfunction Glomerulus · decreased GFR · glomerular filtration membrane permeability alteration Renal tubule · concentrative function decline (hyposthennuria/isosthennuria) · water, electrolyte, acid-base disorder · others Endocrine disorder · hypertension · anemia · renal osteodystrophy · others