命追大 According to the National Center for Health Statistics, 46 million Americans undergo inpatient surgical procedures each year and experience acute surgical pain In 2006, pain was a frequent"chief complaint for adults who presented to emergency departments(EDs), and pain severity was reported as moderate to severe by 45%f patients in the ED• According to the National Center for Health Statistics, 46 million Americans undergo inpatient surgical procedures each year and experience acute surgical pain. • In 2006, pain was a frequent "chief complaint" for adults who presented to emergency departments (EDs), and pain severity was reported as moderate to severe by 45% of patients in the ED