vellihoods focus .Interest in poverty alleviation gave rise to 要涂8的 a focus on livelihoods Scientists used more holistic perspectives Incorporating off-farm and non -farm activities with a sustainable livelihoods focus Off farm (Source: Norman and Lightfoot 1992) On farm Non farmLivelihoods focus (Source: Norman and Lightfoot 1992) •Interest in poverty alleviation gave rise to a focus on livelihoods. Scientists used more holistic perspectives incorporating off-farm and non-farm activities with a sustainable livelihoodsfocus