CONTENTS 15.3 The Four-Parameter Model and Molecular Response 285 15.4 Viscous or Elastic Response?The Deborah Number 288 15.5 Quantitative Approaches to Model Viscoelasticity 289 15.6 The Boltzmann Superposition Principle 293 15.7 Dynamic Mechanical Testing 297 15.8 Summary 304 Problems 304 References 307 16 POLYMER MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 308 16.1 Introduction 308 16.2 Mechanical Properties of Polymers 308 16.3 Axial Tensiometers 309 16.4 Viscosity Measurement 311 16.5 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis:Techniques 316 16.6 Time-Temperature Superposition 323 16.7 Summary 329 Problems 329 References 332 PART IV.POLYMER PROCESSING AND PERFORMANCE 335 17 PROCESSING 337 17.1 Introduction 337 17.2 Molding 337 17.3 Extrusion 344 17.4 Blow Molding 347 17.5 Rotational,Fluidized-Bed,and Slush Molding 348 17.6 Calendering 349 17.7 Sheet Forming (Thermoforming) 350 17.8 Stamping 351 17.9 Solution Casting 351 17.10 Casting 351 17.11 Reinforced Thermoset Molding 352 17.12 Fiber Spinning 353 17.13 Compounding 355 17.14 Lithography 358 17.15 Three-Dimensional (Rapid)Prototyping 358 17.16 Summary 359 Problems 359 References 360