工程科学学报.第41卷.第11期：1458-1464.2019年11月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.41,No.11:1458-1464,November 2019 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.11.30.002;http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 变工况过程中球轴承保持架的稳定性 张志强，王黎钦12)区，张传伟)，张雨萌”，古乐) 1)哈尔滨工业大学航空航天轴承技术及装备工信部重点实验室，哈尔滨1500012)哈尔滨工业大学机器人技术与系统国家重点实验室， 哈尔滨150080 ☒通信作者，E-mail:lqwanghit@163.com 摘要建立了球轴承ADAMS多体动力学模型，考虑轴承各元件之间的相互碰撞作用及摩擦力，分析了变工况下动量轮用 球轴承的保持架质心的涡动行为，对保持架的运行稳定性做出了定量的分析.讨论了轴承启动加速度大小、轴向载荷和有无 重力场对保持架稳定性的影响.结果表明轴承启动加速度增加，缩短了轴承启动过程的时间，引导面对保持架的引导作用增 强，较高的转速更有利于保持架运行的稳定，但较大的启动加速度使得轴承摩擦力矩较大：轴向载荷升高加剧了滚动体与保 持架的碰撞，增加了保持架的涡动状态，而且轴向载荷的增加使得轴承摩擦力矩增加：失重状态下保持架与套圈的碰撞加剧， 保持架涡动增加. 关键词动量轮：球轴承：多体动力学模型：保持架稳定性：变工况 分类号TG142.71 Cage stability of ball bearings under variable working conditions ZHANG Zhi-qiang,WANG Li-gin,ZHANG Chuan-wei,ZHANG Yu-meng,GU Le 1)MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Bearing Technology and Equipment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China 2)State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150080,China Corresponding author,E-mail:Iqwanghit@163.com ABSTRACT The momentum wheel is a key device used for orbiting satellite attitude control.Its controlling accuracy is strongly influenced by the cage stability of the ball bearings in momentum wheels.The more stable the cage,the smaller the friction moment of the bearing,and the higher the control accuracy of the momentum wheel.In this study,an ADAMS multi-body dynamic model of ball bearings was built.In this model,the collision and friction were considered,which exist in the components of the ball bearing,that is,the balls,the rings,and the cage.The whirl behavior of the cage of the ball bearing used in the momentum wheel was analyzed under variable working conditions,and the cage stability was quantitatively analyzed.The effects of starting acceleration,axial load,and gravity field on the cage stability were discussed.The results show that an increase in the starting acceleration of the ball bearings can shorten the starting time,and the guiding effect of the guiding face on the cage is enhanced.Moreover,the cage is more stable when the speed of the ball bearing is higher.However,the greater starting acceleration can increase the friction moment of the ball bearing,which can shorten the service life.Under the premise of satisfying the cage stability,a smaller starting acceleration should be used as far as possible to prevent the larger friction moment.An increased axial load causes a strong collision of the cage and balls and increases the cage whirling state.The friction moment of the ball bearing increases when the axial load increases,which can lead to the generation of the wear and heat of bearing.In addition,an increase of the axial load of the ball bearing aggravates the collision of the balls and cage and increases the whirling state of the cage,and this reduces the cage stability.The collision of the cage and ring increases without gravity,causing an increase in the cage whirl. 收稿日期：2018-11-30 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1637206)变工况过程中球轴承保持架的稳定性 张志强1)，王黎钦1,2) 苣，张传伟1)，张雨萌1)，古    乐1) 1) 哈尔滨工业大学航空航天轴承技术及装备工信部重点实验室，哈尔滨 150001    2) 哈尔滨工业大学机器人技术与系统国家重点实验室， 哈尔滨 150080 苣通信作者，E-mail：lqwanghit@163.com 摘    要    建立了球轴承 ADAMS 多体动力学模型，考虑轴承各元件之间的相互碰撞作用及摩擦力，分析了变工况下动量轮用 球轴承的保持架质心的涡动行为，对保持架的运行稳定性做出了定量的分析. 讨论了轴承启动加速度大小、轴向载荷和有无 重力场对保持架稳定性的影响. 结果表明轴承启动加速度增加，缩短了轴承启动过程的时间，引导面对保持架的引导作用增 强，较高的转速更有利于保持架运行的稳定，但较大的启动加速度使得轴承摩擦力矩较大；轴向载荷升高加剧了滚动体与保 持架的碰撞，增加了保持架的涡动状态，而且轴向载荷的增加使得轴承摩擦力矩增加；失重状态下保持架与套圈的碰撞加剧， 保持架涡动增加. 关键词    动量轮；球轴承；多体动力学模型；保持架稳定性；变工况 分类号    TG142.71 Cage stability of ball bearings under variable working conditions ZHANG Zhi-qiang1) ，WANG Li-qin1,2) 苣 ，ZHANG Chuan-wei1) ，ZHANG Yu-meng1) ，GU Le1) 1) MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Bearing Technology and Equipment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China 2) State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China 苣 Corresponding author, E-mail: lqwanghit@163.com ABSTRACT    The  momentum  wheel  is  a  key  device  used  for  orbiting  satellite  attitude  control.  Its  controlling  accuracy  is  strongly influenced by the cage stability of the ball bearings in momentum wheels. The more stable the cage, the smaller the friction moment of the bearing, and the higher the control accuracy of the momentum wheel. In this study, an ADAMS multi-body dynamic model of ball bearings was built. In this model, the collision and friction were considered, which exist in the components of the ball bearing, that is, the balls,  the  rings,  and  the  cage.  The  whirl  behavior  of  the  cage  of  the  ball  bearing  used  in  the  momentum  wheel  was  analyzed  under variable  working  conditions,  and  the  cage  stability  was  quantitatively  analyzed.  The  effects  of  starting  acceleration,  axial  load,  and gravity field on the cage stability were discussed. The results show that an increase in the starting acceleration of the ball bearings can shorten the starting time, and the guiding effect of the guiding face on the cage is enhanced. Moreover, the cage is more stable when the speed of the ball bearing is higher. However, the greater starting acceleration can increase the friction moment of the ball bearing, which can shorten the service life. Under the premise of satisfying the cage stability, a smaller starting acceleration should be used as far as possible to prevent the larger friction moment. An increased axial load causes a strong collision of the cage and balls and increases the cage whirling state. The friction moment of the ball bearing increases when the axial load increases, which can lead to the generation of the wear and heat of bearing. In addition, an increase of the axial load of the ball bearing aggravates the collision of the balls and cage and  increases  the  whirling  state  of  the  cage,  and  this  reduces  the  cage  stability.  The  collision  of  the  cage  and  ring  increases  without gravity, causing an increase in the cage whirl. 收稿日期: 2018−11−30 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1637206） 工程科学学报，第 41 卷，第 11 期：1458−1464，2019 年 11 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 11: 1458−1464, November 2019 DOI：10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.11.30.002; http://journals.ustb.edu.cn