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2012年 实用中医内科杂志 第26卷第8期 JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL TRADITIONAL CHINESE INTERNAL MEDICINE 中西医结合姑息治疗恶性肿瘤现状及展望 殷东风 (辽宁中医药大学附属医院肿瘤科,沈阳110032) 摘要:恶性肿瘤的姑息治疗目标是为病人提供积极的支持,通过减轻疼痛或缓解其他并发症提高感者的生活质量。中 医及中西医结合治疗可以改善症状及证候,除传统的姑息性手术、放疗、化疗外,还包括疼痛控制、介λ治疗、置管引流加 药物灌注化疔及心理支持。中医药姑息治疗从整体观念出发,扶正祛邪;结合现代科技,中药剂型的多样化给患者更多 的选择。姑息治疗在疾病不同阶段,侧重点不同,早期治疗症状及缓解根治性抗癌治疗副作用,保持生活质量;中期减轻 痛苦,改善生活质量;晚期提供临终关怀及善终服务。在践行姑息治疗贯穿恶性肿瘤治疗旱、中、晩各期这一理念时,还 要正确处理好三个关系:在治疗对象上,应该处理好肿瘤和患者全身状态之间的关系,即肿瘤和人的关系;在治疔方法 上,处理好抗肿瘤治疗与姑息治疗的关系,即疾病与症状的关系;在治疗目的上,处理妤延长生存期和维护生存质量的关 系,即远期目标和近期目标的关系,尽可能避免出现以损害生存质量为代价,生存期并没有延长的结罘。期待现行社会 医疗保障制度改革,对恶性肿瘤姑息治疗患者加大费用支撑額度,改善姑息治疗人才、医疗资源配置,扩大科研投入,使 恶性肿瘤姑息治疗服务的质量和数量明显改善 关键词:恶性肿瘤;姑息治疗;中西医结合治疗;扶正祛邪;临终关怀;社会医疗保障制度;述评 中图分类号:R2-031;R273;R730.59文献标识码:Adoi:10.3969/ J. Issn.1671-7813.2012.08.01 The Application and Prospect of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and western medicine in palliative care of cancer in China YIN Dong -feng (The Department of Oncology of the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, China) Abstract: Palliative care for patients with cancer mainly improve thequality of life of patients by relieving pain or controlling others complications. Traditional Chinese Medicine and integration of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine can improve symptoms and syndromes. Palliative care should be throughout the treating processes of early, middle and late stages of tumor. Different treatment strategies are to take in differ- ent stages of disease. It is important to correctly handle the three relations between tumor and the general condition of patients on the object of treatment, anticancer therapy and palliative care ds, survivaland quality of life that is, long -term goal and short -term goal. Treatment of excessive could t prolong the survival period but may make the quality of cancers worse. Looking forward to reform current so- cial medical insurance system, Government may increase investment for the palliative treatment of patients with malignant tumor, including enhancement of the medical insurance quota, expansion of the researches and medi- cal resources. So these measures will significantly improve the quality of palliative care and the number of pal- Key Words: Tumor Palliative care Integration of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine Strengthening the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors; Hospice care; Social medical insurance sys tem: Review 恶性肿瘤的治疗包括抗肿瘤治疗和肿瘤姑息治行研究,并结合辽宁中医药大学附属第一医院肿瘤姑 疗两大体系。抗肿瘤治疗是以根治肿瘤或缩小肿瘤、息治疗的临床实际,对我国肿瘤姑息治疗领域中西医 延长生存期为中心的治疗,在我国的恶性肿瘤治疗中结合的临床治疗成绩及存在的问题进行概括、分析 占主导地位,尤其中西医结合抗肿瘤治疗的临床研究以期对今后肿瘤姑息治疗研究有所帮助。 已经取得了很大的进展。肿瘤姑息治疗是以控制症 姑息治疗理念变迁 状进而维护生存质量为中心的治疗。近年来,肿瘤姑 从2006年开始,中国的恶性肿瘤死亡率不论是 息治疗越来越受到临床肿瘤工作者的重视。笔者对城市还是农村,都已经上升到死亡原因的首位,晚 近年主要的中西医结合姑息治疗恶性肿瘤的文献进期肿瘤患者对肿瘤姑息治疗的需求明显增加 1.1姑息治疗机构从无到有,逐渐发展相对于我 ※基金资助:教育部社会科学司规划基金项目(09YJA840018)国抗肿瘤治疗的临床研究,姑息医学于20世纪80年 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp:/www.cnki.net书 2 0 1 2 年 第 26 卷 第 8 期 实 用 中 医 内 科 杂 志 JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL TRADITIONAL CHINESE INTERNAL MEDICINE 述 评 中西医结合姑息治疗恶性肿瘤现状及展望※ 殷东风 ( 辽宁中医药大学附属医院肿瘤科,沈阳 110032) 摘 要: 恶性肿瘤的姑息治疗目标是为病人提供积极的支持,通过减轻疼痛或缓解其他并发症提高患者的生活质量。中 医及中西医结合治疗可以改善症状及证候,除传统的姑息性手术、放疗、化疗外,还包括疼痛控制、介入治疗、置管引流加 药物灌注化疗及心理支持。中医药姑息治疗从整体观念出发,扶正祛邪; 结合现代科技,中药剂型的多样化给患者更多 的选择。姑息治疗在疾病不同阶段,侧重点不同,早期治疗症状及缓解根治性抗癌治疗副作用,保持生活质量; 中期减轻 痛苦,改善生活质量; 晚期提供临终关怀及善终服务。在践行姑息治疗贯穿恶性肿瘤治疗早、中、晚各期这一理念时,还 要正确处理好三个关系: 在治疗对象上,应该处理好肿瘤和患者全身状态之间的关系,即肿瘤和人的关系; 在治疗方法 上,处理好抗肿瘤治疗与姑息治疗的关系,即疾病与症状的关系; 在治疗目的上,处理好延长生存期和维护生存质量的关 系,即远期目标和近期目标的关系,尽可能避免出现以损害生存质量为代价,生存期并没有延长的结果。期待现行社会 医疗保障制度改革,对恶性肿瘤姑息治疗患者加大费用支撑额度,改善姑息治疗人才、医疗资源配置,扩大科研投入,使 恶性肿瘤姑息治疗服务的质量和数量明显改善。 关键词: 恶性肿瘤; 姑息治疗; 中西医结合治疗; 扶正祛邪; 临终关怀; 社会医疗保障制度; 述评 中图分类号: R2 - 031; R273; R730. 59 文献标识码: A doi: 10. 3969 /j. issn. 1671 - 7813. 2012. 08. 01 The Application and Prospect of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Palliative Care of Cancer in China YIN Dong - feng ( The Department of Oncology of the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Tradition Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,China) Abstract: Palliative care for patients with cancer mainly improve thequality of life of patients by relieving pain or controlling others complications. Traditional Chinese Medicine and integration of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine can improve symptoms and syndromes. Palliative care should be throughout the treating processes of early,middle and late stages of tumor. Different treatment strategies are to take in differ￾ent stages of disease. It is important to correctly handle the three relations : between tumor and the general condition of patients on the object of treatment,anticancer therapy and palliative care on the treatment meth￾ods,survivaland quality of life ,that is ,long - term goal and short - term goal. Treatment of excessive couldn' t prolong the survival period but may make the quality of cancers worse. Looking forward to reform current so￾cial medical insurance system,Government may increase investment for the palliative treatment of patients with malignant tumor,including enhancement of the medical insurance quota,expansion of the researches and medi￾cal resources. So these measures will significantly improve the quality of palliative care and the number of pal￾liative care institutions Key Words: Tumor ; Palliative care ; Integration of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine; Strengthening the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors; Hospice care; Social medical insurance sys￾tem; Review ※基金资助: 教育部社会科学司规划基金项目( 09YJA840018) 恶性肿瘤的治疗包括抗肿瘤治疗和肿瘤姑息治 疗两大体系。抗肿瘤治疗是以根治肿瘤或缩小肿瘤、 延长生存期为中心的治疗,在我国的恶性肿瘤治疗中 占主导地位,尤其中西医结合抗肿瘤治疗的临床研究 已经取得了很大的进展。肿瘤姑息治疗是以控制症 状进而维护生存质量为中心的治疗。近年来,肿瘤姑 息治疗越来越受到临床肿瘤工作者的重视。笔者对 近年主要的中西医结合姑息治疗恶性肿瘤的文献进 行研究,并结合辽宁中医药大学附属第一医院肿瘤姑 息治疗的临床实际,对我国肿瘤姑息治疗领域中西医 结合的临床治疗成绩及存在的问题进行概括、分析, 以期对今后肿瘤姑息治疗研究有所帮助。 1 姑息治疗理念变迁 从 2006 年开始,中国的恶性肿瘤死亡率不论是 城市还是农村,都已经上升到死亡原因的首位[1],晚 期肿瘤患者对肿瘤姑息治疗的需求明显增加[2]。 1. 1 姑息治疗机构从无到有,逐渐发展 相对于我 国抗肿瘤治疗的临床研究,姑息医学于 20 世纪 80 年 ·1·
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