工程科学学报，第40卷，第8期：910-917.2018年8月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.40,No.8:910-917,August 2018 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.08.003;http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 细粒层对浸矿表面形貌及钝化的影响 尹升华12)，王雷鸣2四，潘晨阳)，陈勋12) 1)北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京1000832)北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:ustb_wlm@126.cm 摘要由于矿石粒径配比、表面粗糙度、密度等性质差异，筑堆过程中堆内极易出现矿石颗粒偏析现象.细粒层是导致矿石 表面受侵蚀程度不均的关键因素，其严重制约了铜矿资源的高效浸取.为探究细粒层对矿石浸出效果、表面形貌及钝化现象 的影响，选取粗颗粒矿石(4mm<d<6mm)与细颗粒矿石(2mm<d<4mm),开展不同细粒层位置下次生硫化铜矿微生物浸出 实验.结合CT扫描与冷场电镜扫描技术等分析手段，从宏、细、微观多层面，探究不同细粒层位置下矿石宏观浸出规律，细观 矿石团聚结块，微观表面形貌特征与钝化.结果表明：细粒层导致铜浸出率普遍降低，均低于无细粒层、均匀粗颗粒介质的实 验组；不同矿堆位置处细粒层对浸出效果影响不同，细粒层位于顶部的实验组铜浸出效果最优，浸矿旷60d铜浸出率达71.3%： 同一细粒层不同位置处矿石表面孔裂结构演化程度不一：浸矿60d后，铜浸出率趋于峰值，矿石团聚结块与钝化现象显著，矿 石表面形成以黄钾铁矾、多硫化物、胞外多聚物、硫膜为主的钝化物质层 关键词次生硫化铜矿：生物浸出：细粒层：表面形貌：钝化现象 分类号TD862 Effect of fine interlayers on surface morphology and passivation during leaching YIN Sheng-hua2),WANG Lei-ming),PAN Chen-yang,CHEN Xun'2) 1)Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083, China 2)School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:ustb_wlm@126.com ABSTRACT Ore particle segregation commonly occurs during dump leaching because of the differences of particle size,surface roughness,and relative density.The presence of a fine interlayer is key factor of the uneven erosion of the ore surface during leaching, which seriously limits the bioleaching efficiency of copper extraction.To explore the interaction effects of fine interlayers on leaching behavior,the surface morphology and passivation occurrence during the leaching process was studied,where coarse ore particles(4 mm <d<6mm)and fine ore particles(2mm<d<4 mm)were selected,and a bioleaching experiment of secondary copper sulfide with fine interlayers located at different positions was carried out.Analysis were carried out using computed tomography (CT)scanning technology and field-emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry (FE SEM-EDS)technology in the macro, meso,and micro scales.As a result,the macro leaching dynamics,meso-scale ore particle agglomeration,and micro surface morphol- ogy characteristics as well as passivation were studied.The results show that fine interlayer leads to a lower copper extraction rate, which is lower than when the fine interlayers are mixed with homogeneous coarse granular medium.The effects of fine interlayers on ore extraction depend on their location.In the experiment,the fine interlayers located at the top results in the highest copper extraction rate (71.3%)after leaching for 60 days;the degrees of evolution of the ore surface pore structure are different at different heights inside the same fine interlayers.The copper extraction rate reaches its peak after leaching for 60 days.The ore particle agglomerations and passivation phenomenon are significant.Passivation layers,such as of jarosite,polysulfide,extracellular polymeric substances,sulfur 收稿日期：2017-08-30 基金项目：国家优秀青年科学基金资助项目(51722401)：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51734001)工程科学学报,第 40 卷,第 8 期:910鄄鄄917,2018 年 8 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 40, No. 8: 910鄄鄄917, August 2018 DOI: 10. 13374 / j. issn2095鄄鄄9389. 2018. 08. 003; http: / / journals. ustb. edu. cn 细粒层对浸矿表面形貌及钝化的影响 尹升华1,2) , 王雷鸣1,2) 苣 , 潘晨阳1) , 陈 勋1,2) 1) 北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083 2) 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 北京 100083 苣 通信作者,E鄄mail: ustb_wlm@ 126. com 摘 要 由于矿石粒径配比、表面粗糙度、密度等性质差异,筑堆过程中堆内极易出现矿石颗粒偏析现象. 细粒层是导致矿石 表面受侵蚀程度不均的关键因素,其严重制约了铜矿资源的高效浸取. 为探究细粒层对矿石浸出效果、表面形貌及钝化现象 的影响,选取粗颗粒矿石(4 mm < d < 6 mm)与细颗粒矿石(2 mm < d < 4 mm),开展不同细粒层位置下次生硫化铜矿微生物浸出 实验. 结合 CT 扫描与冷场电镜扫描技术等分析手段,从宏、细、微观多层面,探究不同细粒层位置下矿石宏观浸出规律,细观 矿石团聚结块,微观表面形貌特征与钝化. 结果表明:细粒层导致铜浸出率普遍降低,均低于无细粒层、均匀粗颗粒介质的实 验组;不同矿堆位置处细粒层对浸出效果影响不同,细粒层位于顶部的实验组铜浸出效果最优,浸矿 60 d 铜浸出率达 71郾 3% ; 同一细粒层不同位置处矿石表面孔裂结构演化程度不一;浸矿 60 d 后,铜浸出率趋于峰值,矿石团聚结块与钝化现象显著,矿 石表面形成以黄钾铁矾、多硫化物、胞外多聚物、硫膜为主的钝化物质层. 关键词 次生硫化铜矿; 生物浸出; 细粒层; 表面形貌; 钝化现象 分类号 TD862 收稿日期: 2017鄄鄄08鄄鄄30 基金项目: 国家优秀青年科学基金资助项目(51722401);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51734001) Effect of fine interlayers on surface morphology and passivation during leaching YIN Sheng鄄hua 1,2) , WANG Lei鄄ming 1,2) 苣 , PAN Chen鄄yang 1) , CHEN Xun 1,2) 1) Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High鄄Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2) School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 苣 Corresponding author, E鄄mail: ustb_wlm@ 126. com ABSTRACT Ore particle segregation commonly occurs during dump leaching because of the differences of particle size, surface roughness, and relative density. The presence of a fine interlayer is key factor of the uneven erosion of the ore surface during leaching, which seriously limits the bioleaching efficiency of copper extraction. To explore the interaction effects of fine interlayers on leaching behavior, the surface morphology and passivation occurrence during the leaching process was studied, where coarse ore particles (4 mm < d < 6 mm) and fine ore particles (2 mm < d < 4 mm) were selected, and a bioleaching experiment of secondary copper sulfide with fine interlayers located at different positions was carried out. Analysis were carried out using computed tomography ( CT) scanning technology and field鄄emission scanning electron microscopy鄄energy dispersive spectrometry (FE SEM鄄鄄EDS) technology in the macro, meso, and micro scales. As a result, the macro leaching dynamics, meso鄄scale ore particle agglomeration, and micro surface morphol鄄 ogy characteristics as well as passivation were studied. The results show that fine interlayer leads to a lower copper extraction rate, which is lower than when the fine interlayers are mixed with homogeneous coarse granular medium. The effects of fine interlayers on ore extraction depend on their location. In the experiment, the fine interlayers located at the top results in the highest copper extraction rate (71郾 3% ) after leaching for 60 days; the degrees of evolution of the ore surface pore structure are different at different heights inside the same fine interlayers. The copper extraction rate reaches its peak after leaching for 60 days. The ore particle agglomerations and passivation phenomenon are significant. Passivation layers, such as of jarosite, polysulfide, extracellular polymeric substances, sulfur