Process Variation DCOVA Total Process Common Cause Special Cause Variation Variation Variation Variation is natural;inherent in the world around us No two products or service experiences are exactly the same With a fine enough gauge,all things can be seen to differ Statistics for Managers Using Microsoft Excel Statistics for Managers Using Microsoft Excel Process Variation Total Process Variation Common Cause Variation Special Cause Variation = +  Variation is natural; inherent in the world around us  No two products or service experiences are exactly the same  With a fine enough gauge, all things can be seen to differ DCOVA