Despite the variety of opinions, two criteria(pl) are almostunanimously accepted, namely, the criterion of faithfulness/accuracy(忠实准确) and that ofsmoothness(流畅/通 Ji). We may also take these criteria asthe principles of translation in general. By faithfulness/ accuracy, we mean tobe faithful not only to the original contents, to the original meaning andviews, but also to the original form and style. Examples in the text bookP10-13 are arranged to illustrate and explain that. By smoothness, we mean notonly easy and readable rendering, but also idiomatic(#]) expression in the targetlanguage, free from stiff formula and mechanical copy ing from dictionaries. Examples in the text book P10-13 are arranged to illustrate and explain that V.Thequalifications of a good translator( see students' book P13-14可以加上原来教案的内容 Ⅵ Exercises A. Fill in the following blanks with what you have learned in thefirst chapter. I. Yan Fu's 3-word translation criteriaare 3. The two words usedas the common criteria of translation in China today are 4. The criterion oftranslation put forward by Lu Xun(it )is by Mr Qian Zhongshu is by the monk Dao An by Fu Lei is (The criterion oftranslation put forward by Lu Xun(fit )is rather heingfaithfuLin thought thansmonth language: by Fu Lei is achievethe ' of the originalor pression resemblance: by Mr Qian Zhongshu is transfiguration or conversion: by the monk dao An is preaching according to the original without any _ deduction addition ) B. Answer the following questions. 1. what is meant by translation? 2. What was Karl Marxfond of saying about the importance of a foreign language? 4. What do you think should be thecriteria of translation C. Translate the following English into Chinese I source language and target language 2. Alexander Fraser Tytler 3. A History of Politics On Liberty 5. An Inquiry into the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations(by A. Smith) 6. Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays(by T H. Huxley) D. Translate the passage"Life in the violin Case(on P.153)into Chinese E. Read thewhole Chapter from Text book P3 to P. 14. 常用口令 起床!Get 快点儿! Bequick 集合!Fain! 一(二)列队! Onone rank( (two ranks)! 立正! Attention! 稍息! Atease! 向右看-齐! Right-dres! 向左看-齐! Left-dress! 向前-看!Eyes- front! 报数! Count off 点名! Call the roll!l 到!Here! 散开! Extend! 靠拢! Close! 向左转! Left-face( Left turn)! 向右-转! Right-face( Right turn)! 向后转! About-face( About turn)! 齐步走! Forward-march( March off 踏步-走! Mark time- march! 跑步走! Double(time) march! 便步-走! Atease-marchDespite the variety of opinions, two criteria (pl.) are almostunanimously accepted, namely, the criterion of faithfulness/accuracy (忠实/准确) and that ofsmoothness (流畅/通 顺). We may also take these criteria asthe principles of translation in general. By faithfulness/ accuracy, we mean tobe faithful not only to the original contents, to the original meaning andviews, but also to the original form and style. Examples in the text bookP10-13 are arranged to illustrate and explain that. By smoothness, we mean notonly easy and readable rendering, but also idiomatic（地道的） expression in the targetlanguage, free from stiff formula and mechanical copying from dictionaries.Examples in the text book P10-13 are arranged to illustrate and explain that. Ⅴ.Thequalifications of a good translator (see students’ book P.13-14)(可以加上原来教案的内容) Ⅵ.Exercises A. Fill in the following blanks with what you have learned in thefirst chapter. 1. Yan Fu’s 3-word translation criteriaare_______, _______, and_________. 2. Translation in China has a long historyof some_______years. 3. The two words usedas the common criteria of translation in China today are _______, and_________. 4. The criterion oftranslation put forward by Lu Xun (鲁迅)is______________;byMr. Qian Zhongshu is ______________________; by the monk Dao An is _________________________________; by Fu Lei is________________ ___________. (The criterion oftranslation put forward by Lu Xun (鲁迅)is rather beingfaithful in thought than smooth in language; by Fu Lei is achievethe ‘spirit’ of the original or expression resemblance; by Mr.Qian Zhongshu is transfiguration or conversion; by the monk DaoAn is preaching according to the original without any deduction oraddition.) B. Answer the following questions. 1. What is meant by translation? 2. What was Karl Marxfond of saying about the importance of a foreign language? 3. What are the prerequisites for aqualified translator? 4. What do you think should be thecriteria of translation? C. Translate the following English into Chinese 1. source language and target language 2. Alexander Fraser Tytler 3. A History of Politics 4. On Liberty 5. An Inquiry into the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations(by A. Smith) 6. Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays (by T. H. Huxley) D. Translate the passage “Life in the violin Case (on P.153)into Chinese” E. Read thewhole Chapter from Text book P.3 to P.14. 常用口令 起床！Get up! 快点儿！ Bequick! 集合！Fall in! 一(二)列队！ Onone rank (two ranks)！ 立正！Attention! 稍息！ Atease! 向右看-齐！Right-dress! 向左看-齐！Left-dress! 向前-看！ Eyes-front! 报数！Count off! 点名！Call the roll! 到！Here! 散开！Extend! 靠拢！Close! 向左-转！Left-face (Left turn)！ 向右-转！Right-face (Right turn)！ 向后-转！About-face (About turn)！ 齐步-走！Forward-march (March off)！ 踏步-走！Mark time-march! 跑步-走！Double (time)-march! 便步-走！ Atease-march!