定容和定压热容量 aU aS aH S aT aT aT aT S=S(T, V), ds=/as dT+/as dv aS S S=S(T, p), ds dt+ (aT dp V(T,p),d=/) dt+ P aS aV aS ap aT P 07/ aT O 由物态方程决定 a人(OT定容和定压热容量 V V V T S T T U C          =        = p p p T S T T H C          =        = V V S T T S S S T V S V T ( , ), d d  d         +        = = p p S T T S S S T p S p T ( , ), d d d            +        = = p p V T T V V V T p V p T ( , ), d d d            +        = = p V T T p V V S T S T S                  +         =        T T V p V S          =        V p p V T V T p C C T                 − = 由物态方程决定