Foucault-Discipline and punish Shifts in punishment reflect shifts in political organisation Early 18th century: Public executions as public rituals power of the sovereign enacted on bodies of the condemned Late 1 9th century public executions decreased Reflected shift from sovereign displays of violence, to more diffused form of disciplinary power Object of punishment shifted from the body to the soul of the criminal Aim less to avenge the crime and more to transform the soul Less punitive and more corrective Privatisation of punishment Rise of imprisonment rather than execution Capital punishment removed from public arenaFoucault-Discipline and Punish • Shifts in punishment reflect shifts in political organisation. • Early 18th century: Public executions as public rituals, power of the sovereign enacted on bodies of the condemned. • Late 19th century public executions decreased. • Reflected shift from sovereign displays of violence, to more diffused form of disciplinary power. • Object of punishment shifted from the body to the soul of the criminal. – Aim less to avenge the crime and more to transform the soul – Less punitive and more corrective. • Privatisation of punishment – Rise of imprisonment rather than execution. – Capital punishment removed from public arena