第36卷第6期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.36 No.6 2014年6月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jun.2014 垂直稳恒磁场下Fe纳米Si颗粒复合电沉积 周鹏伟，钟云波，龙琼，孙宗乾，范丽君，郑天祥，周俊峰 上海大学材料科学与工程学院，上海200072 ☒通信作者，E-mail:yunboz(@staff.shu.cu.cn 摘要在垂直稳恒磁场中采用纳米复合电沉积法制备F-S:复合镀层.研究了磁场强度和电流密度对阴极电流效率和镀 层S颗粒含量的影响规律，并采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱对所得镀层进行分析.施加垂直磁场后，随着磁场强度增大，阴极 电流效率呈现先上升后下降的趋势：镀层Si颗粒质量分数在0.2T达到最大值20.17%，比无磁场下提高了10.4%：镀层表面 形貌也发生显著变化，多处形成“山脊”，“山脊”延伸方向与磁流体力学效应方向一致，分布数量和延伸长度与磁场强度成正 比.由于磁流体力学效应，施加磁场还改变了镀层表面气孔形貌，促进氢气的析出. 关键词复合镀层：电沉积：磁场：纳米颗粒：磁流体力学：硅钢 分类号TG174.44 Electrodeposition of Fe-nano-Si particle composite coatings in a perpendicular static magnetic field ZHOU Peng-ei,ZHONG Yun-bo,LONG Qiong,SUN Zong-qian,FAN Li-jun,ZHENG Tian-xiang,ZHOU Jun-feng School of Material Science and Technology,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200072.China Corresponding author,E-mail:yunboz@staff.shu.edu.cn ABSTRACT Fe-Si composite coatings were prepared by nano-composite electroplating in a static magnetic field parallel to the electrode surface.The effects of magnetic flux density and current density on the cathode current efficiency and silicon content in the coatings were studied.The coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry.It is found that the cathode current efficiency first increases and then decreases with increasing magnetic flux density.The mass fraction of silicon in the coatings reaches its maximum value of 20.17%at 0.2T,which increases by 10.4%compared with that without any magnetic field.In addition,the smooth surface morphology of the coatings turns into "mountain ranges",whose directions are the same to the direction of magnetohydrodynamic convection (MHD).More and longer "mountain ranges"appear with increasing magnetic flux densi- ty.Owing to MHD effect,the magnetic field also influences the surface morphology of hydrogen pores and promotes the evolution of hydrogen. KEY WORDS composite coatings:electrodeposition:magnetic fields:nanoparticles:magnetohydrodynamics:silicon steel 6.5%高硅钢具有高磁导率、高电阻率、几乎为 了该材料的实际应用.目前，国内外制备高硅钢技 零的磁致伸缩系数以及低铁损等优良的软磁性能， 术中最为成熟的应属日本NKK公司发明的化学气 因此被认为是高频铁芯的理想材料-.但是，当合 相沉积法(CVD)工艺B-:通过在高温下用四氯化 金中Si的质量分数超过5%，板材则变得硬而脆，无 硅气体与低硅钢带表面的铁发生置换反应，硅进入 法使用传统轧制工艺直接制成薄带，因此严重制约 低硅钢带表层，形成高硅的渗硅层（硅的质量分数 收稿日期：201303-24 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51034010) DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2014.06.012:http://jourals.ustb.edu.en第 36 卷 第 6 期 2014 年 6 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol． 36 No． 6 Jun． 2014 垂直稳恒磁场下 Fe-纳米 Si 颗粒复合电沉积 周鹏伟，钟云波，龙 琼，孙宗乾，范丽君，郑天祥，周俊峰 上海大学材料科学与工程学院，上海 200072  通信作者，E-mail: yunboz@ staff． shu． edu． cn 摘 要 在垂直稳恒磁场中采用纳米复合电沉积法制备 Fe--Si 复合镀层． 研究了磁场强度和电流密度对阴极电流效率和镀 层 Si 颗粒含量的影响规律，并采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱对所得镀层进行分析． 施加垂直磁场后，随着磁场强度增大，阴极 电流效率呈现先上升后下降的趋势; 镀层 Si 颗粒质量分数在 0. 2 T 达到最大值 20. 17% ，比无磁场下提高了 10. 4% ; 镀层表面 形貌也发生显著变化，多处形成“山脊”，“山脊”延伸方向与磁流体力学效应方向一致，分布数量和延伸长度与磁场强度成正 比． 由于磁流体力学效应，施加磁场还改变了镀层表面气孔形貌，促进氢气的析出． 关键词 复合镀层; 电沉积; 磁场; 纳米颗粒; 磁流体力学; 硅钢 分类号 TG174. 44 Electrodeposition of Fe-nano-Si particle composite coatings in a perpendicular static magnetic field ZHOU Peng-wei，ZHONG Yun-bo ，LONG Qiong，SUN Zong-qian，FAN Li-jun，ZHENG Tian-xiang，ZHOU Jun-feng School of Material Science and Technology，Shanghai University，Shanghai 200072，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: yunboz@ staff． shu． edu． cn ABSTＲACT Fe-Si composite coatings were prepared by nano-composite electroplating in a static magnetic field parallel to the electrode surface． The effects of magnetic flux density and current density on the cathode current efficiency and silicon content in the coatings were studied． The coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry． It is found that the cathode current efficiency first increases and then decreases with increasing magnetic flux density． The mass fraction of silicon in the coatings reaches its maximum value of 20. 17% at 0. 2 T，which increases by 10. 4% compared with that without any magnetic field． In addition，the smooth surface morphology of the coatings turns into“mountain ranges”，whose directions are the same to the direction of magnetohydrodynamic convection ( MHD) ． More and longer“mountain ranges”appear with increasing magnetic flux densi￾ty． Owing to MHD effect，the magnetic field also influences the surface morphology of hydrogen pores and promotes the evolution of hydrogen． KEY WOＲDS composite coatings; electrodeposition; magnetic fields; nanoparticles; magnetohydrodynamics; silicon steel 收稿日期: 2013--03--24 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51034010) DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn1001--053x． 2014． 06． 012; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 6. 5% 高硅钢具有高磁导率、高电阻率、几乎为 零的磁致伸缩系数以及低铁损等优良的软磁性能， 因此被认为是高频铁芯的理想材料［1--2］． 但是，当合 金中 Si 的质量分数超过 5% ，板材则变得硬而脆，无 法使用传统轧制工艺直接制成薄带，因此严重制约 了该材料的实际应用． 目前，国内外制备高硅钢技 术中最为成熟的应属日本 NKK 公司发明的化学气 相沉积法( CVD) 工艺［3--4］: 通过在高温下用四氯化 硅气体与低硅钢带表面的铁发生置换反应，硅进入 低硅钢带表层，形成高硅的渗硅层( 硅的质量分数