植物保护学报 Journal of plant protection,2019,46(1):208-215 DOl:10.13802/ cnki. zwbhxb20192017189 复合微生物菌剂对苹果再植病害的生防效果测定 及拮抗菌株鉴定 赵璐刘胜胡同乐王亚南王树桐曹克强 (河北农业大学植物保护学院,保定071001) 摘要:为探究复合微生物菌剂对芊果再植病害的生防效果,以莘果砧木实生海棠幼苗为试材,通过 盆栽试验测试了木美土里复合微生物菌剂对苹果再植病害的防治效果及对再植海棠的促生作用, 然后对该菌剂的可分离微生物进行了分离纯化,并以尖孢镰刀菌 Fusarium oxysporum菌株HS2为 靶标菌,测试分离获得的10株菌株的拮抗效果,并对拮抗效果显著的1株真菌菌株和2株细菌菌株 进行种类鉴定。结果表明,木美土里复合微生物菌剂对苹果再植病害的防治效果达87.78%;经该 菌剂处理后,再植海棠苗的株高、茎粗、鲜重、干重及叶面积分别是对照处理的1.51、2.00、5.74、5.21和 2.83倍,表明该菌剂有显著的促生作用。木美土里复合微生物菌剂对菌株HS2的抑制率达到 6859%,并从中分离到7株真菌菌株,3株细菌菌株。其中,拮抗效果髙于8000%的真菌菌株有1株, 细菌菌株有2株。经鉴定,真菌菌株MMIL-1为哈茨木霉 Trichoderma har=iawm;细菌菌株BM-0l 和BM-03均为解淀粉芽胞杆菌 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 关键词:复合微生物菌剂;苹果再植病害;生物防治;哈茨木霉;解淀粉芽胞杄菌 Determination for control effect of microbial manure against apple replant disease and the identification of antagonistic strain against Fusarium oxysporum Zhao Lu Liu Sheng Hu Tongle Wang Yanan Wang Shutong Cao Keqiang ( College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China) Abstract: To study the bio-control effect of compound microbial against apple replant disease, pot ex riments were applied to evaluate the control effect of Kimidori microbial manure(KMM) against the apple replant diseases(ARD) and whether promoting plant growth of Malus seedlings. Ten microorgan- ism strains isolated from KMM were tested in vitro for their antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxys porum, one of them was the inducing factor of ARD. The species with better inhibition rate were identi- fied through morphology and molecular biology methods. The results showed that the control effect of KMM against ARD could reach 87.78%. Seedling growth was significantly promoted by KMM treat ment. The plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of KMM treatment in- creased 1.51, 2.00, 5.74, 5.21 and 2.83 times compare with that of the replant control. The inhibition rate of KMM against F oxysporum HS2 was 68.59%. Seven fungal isolates and three bacterial strains were isolated from KMM. Among these isolates, one fungal isolate MMTL-l with the inhibition rate over 80. 00% was identified as Trichoderma harzianum. Both the two bacterial isolates BM-0l and BM-03 with the inhibition rate over 80.00% were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefacier Key words: microbial manure, apple replant diseases; biological control; Trichoderma harzianum, Ba- yloliquefaciens 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201100),河北省自然科学基金(c2016204140),国家现代农业(苹果)产业技术体系(CARS-27) *通信作者(Authorsforcorrespondence),E-mail:bdstwanga163com,ckq@heba.edu.cn 收稿日期:2017-09-25植物保护学报 Journal of Plant Protection，2019，46（1）：208-215 DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2019.2017189 复合微生物菌剂对苹果再植病害的生防效果测定 及拮抗菌株鉴定 赵 璐 刘 胜 胡同乐 王亚南 王树桐* 曹克强* （河北农业大学植物保护学院，保定 071001） 摘要：为探究复合微生物菌剂对苹果再植病害的生防效果，以苹果砧木实生海棠幼苗为试材，通过 盆栽试验测试了木美土里复合微生物菌剂对苹果再植病害的防治效果及对再植海棠的促生作用， 然后对该菌剂的可分离微生物进行了分离纯化，并以尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum菌株HS2为 靶标菌，测试分离获得的10株菌株的拮抗效果，并对拮抗效果显著的1株真菌菌株和2株细菌菌株 进行种类鉴定。结果表明，木美土里复合微生物菌剂对苹果再植病害的防治效果达87.78%；经该 菌剂处理后，再植海棠苗的株高、茎粗、鲜重、干重及叶面积分别是对照处理的1.51、2.00、5.74、5.21和 2.83 倍，表明该菌剂有显著的促生作用。木美土里复合微生物菌剂对菌株 HS2 的抑制率达到 68.59%，并从中分离到7株真菌菌株，3株细菌菌株。其中，拮抗效果高于80.00%的真菌菌株有1株， 细菌菌株有2株。经鉴定，真菌菌株MMTL-1为哈茨木霉Trichoderma harzianum；细菌菌株BM-01 和BM-03均为解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens。 关键词：复合微生物菌剂；苹果再植病害；生物防治；哈茨木霉；解淀粉芽胞杆菌 Determination for control effect of microbial manure against apple replant disease and the identification of antagonistic strain against Fusarium oxysporum Zhao Lu Liu Sheng Hu Tongle Wang Yanan Wang Shutong* Cao Keqiang* （College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China） Abstract: To study the bio-control effect of compound microbial against apple replant disease, pot ex￾periments were applied to evaluate the control effect of Kimidori microbial manure (KMM) against the apple replant diseases (ARD) and whether promoting plant growth of Malus seedlings. Ten microorgan￾ism strains isolated from KMM were tested in vitro for their antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxys￾porum, one of them was the inducing factor of ARD. The species with better inhibition rate were identi￾fied through morphology and molecular biology methods. The results showed that the control effect of KMM against ARD could reach 87.78%. Seedling growth was significantly promoted by KMM treat￾ment. The plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of KMM treatment in￾creased 1.51, 2.00, 5.74, 5.21 and 2.83 times compare with that of the replant control. The inhibition rate of KMM against F. oxysporum HS2 was 68.59%. Seven fungal isolates and three bacterial strains were isolated from KMM. Among these isolates, one fungal isolate MMTL-1 with the inhibition rate over 80.00% was identified as Trichoderma harzianum. Both the two bacterial isolates BM-01 and BM-03 with the inhibition rate over 80.00% were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Key words: microbial manure; apple replant diseases; biological control; Trichoderma harzianum; Ba￾cillus amyloliquefaciens 基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0201100），河北省自然科学基金（c2016204140），国家现代农业（苹果）产业技术体系（CARS-27） * 通信作者（Authors for correspondence），E-mail：bdstwang@163.com，ckq@hebau.edu.cn 收稿日期：2017-09-25