CONTENTS V 8.7 Impact Damage Resistance 263 8.8 Fatigue of Composite Laminates 266 8.9 Environmental Effects 276 References 286 Chapter 9 Joining of Composite Structures 289 9.1 Introduction 289 9.2 Comparison Between Mechanically Fastened and Adhesively Bonded Joints 290 9.3 Adhesively Bonded Joints 292 9.4 Mechanically Fastened Joints 337 References 366 Chapter 10 Repair Technology 369 10.1 Introduction 369 10.2 Assessment of the Need to Repair 369 10.3 Classification of Types of Structure 371 10.4 Repair Requirements 371 10.5 Non-patch Repairs 374 10.6 Patch Repairs:General Considerations 377 10.7 Bonded Patch Repairs 379 10.8 Materials Engineering Aspects 390 10.9 Application Technology:In Situ Repairs 394 10.10 Bolted Repairs 395 10.11 Materials Engineering Aspects 398 References 401 Chapter 11 Quality Assurance 403 11.1 Introduction 403 11.2 Quality Control 403 11.3 Cure Monitoring 408 11.4 Non-destructive Inspection of Advanced Composite Aerospace Structures 414 11.5 Conclusion 430 References 431 Chapter 12 Aircraft Applications and Design Issues 435 12.1 Overview 435 12.2 Applications of Glass-Fiber Composites 435 12.3 Current Applications 436 12.4 Design Considerations 447 12.5 Design of Carbon-Fiber-Based Components 449 12.6 Design Methodologies 462CONTENTS xv 8.7 8.8 8.9 Impact Damage Resistance Fatigue of Composite Laminates Environmental Effects References 263 266 276 286 Chapter 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Joining of Composite Structures Introduction Comparison Between Mechanically Fastened and Adhesively Bonded Joints Adhesively Bonded Joints Mechanically Fastened Joints References 289 289 290 292 337 366 Chapter 10 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 Repair Technology Introduction Assessment of the Need to Repair Classification of Types of Structure Repair Requirements Non-patch Repairs Patch Repairs: General Considerations Bonded Patch Repairs Materials Engineering Aspects Application Technology: In Situ Repairs Bolted Repairs Materials Engineering Aspects References 369 369 369 371 371 374 377 379 390 394 395 398 401 Chapter 11 Quality Assurance 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Quality Control 11.3 Cure Monitoring 11.4 Non-destructive Inspection of Advanced Composite Aerospace Structures 11.5 Conclusion References 403 403 403 408 414 430 431 Chapter 12 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Aircraft Applications and Design Issues Overview Applications of Glass-Fiber Composites Current Applications Design Considerations Design of Carbon-Fiber-Based Components Design Methodologies 435 435 435 436 447 449 462