214 十璃学报 45卷 容重的减小而降低随小孔隙的增多而增大随孔隙 256-299.LiD C.Veldle B.Dderue JF.a al.Analysis of m 度的增大而降低，并与土壤容重和孔隙度存在者较 fractal dimension D of pre struture in soil and influeneng facto In Chinese).Chinese Journal of Soil Scienee.2002.33 (4) 为显著的直线回归关系。土壤在不同利用方式、耕 25629 作制度和侵蚀条件下的D存在差异，总体上表现 [10]Oledko K B.FigcmaS,Miranda ME.d.Mas fractal dimn 为，免耕林地土壤的Dm大于常规耕作的菜地土壤。 sion and some elected physical pperties of cotrastirg 强侵蚀裸地土壤的D大于草地土壤，因而前者的 edimmnts of Mexico.Soil Tillz Rearch.2000.55 B-61 土壤结构表现得更为紧实。 [11]Velde B.Sudace cracking and apgregte fomation dbserved in D.定量描述了土壤孔隙轮廊边界的粗糙度和 Rendzna soil.LaTouche (Viemne)Farce.Goxemm.2001.99: 261-276 曲折程度。孔隙边缘越粗糙、形状越不规则.D,越 12]Oleschko K.Brambila F.Aceff F.et a.From fradal amlsis alore 大但不表征孔隙轮廓大小和总体形状。土壤中各 a lne to fractals on the plane.Soil Tillge Research.1998.45 孔隙的D,分布表现为正态分布形式。土壤不同利 389.406 用方式对D.分布有一定影响.总体上表现为，菜地 [B3]Oledko K.Ddese ntiinle and sistinad fracta2 lrifin 耕作土壤的D卿大于免耕林地土壤，强侵蚀裸地士 247257 壤的DP大于草地土壤，因而前者的孔隙边缘相比 [14] 较为粗糙和不规则 1998 47 61- 参考文献 样木分形几每结征的图分 [1]Kaz AJ.Thmpon A H.Fractal 壤学报.206.421)：242 o F.XuS H.Li 135~1328 05 116 [2]Tylr W.Wheaterd W.Appicnion df fmdal mathmatics to 第飞徐辉刘建立士图像孔腺轮线分形特征及其 soil water retertion estimt imn.Soil Science Socicty of America hur 应用.农业工程学报.20521(7)：6-10G F.XuSH Lu JL.Chra ml198.53987996 3]Tyler W.Wheatcrat S W.Fractal procee in soil water reter i.Waer Reoures Reeach.1990.2:1047~1054 a1 rginering,2005.21(7):6x10 117 (4]Ricu M.Sposio C.Fractal fngnertation,sil poesity.md olw Dake A.Ens S.Niemeyer J.et d.The surfae fratal dinersio er pprties:I.Thay,Ⅱ.Applicti压.Sil Scimee Society of merica Journal.99.55:1231-1248 20L.10323-229 18]OgawaS,Baveye P.Boat C W.et d.Surface fractal churacteris [5]Kncherko A.Zhag R.Eatimating the soil water rtetion fom narticle size distrbation:A fractal approoch.Soil Seinee,1998. tics d pefemntial fw pattems in fiekd soil:Eraltina f mepc*ing Geodem.19.88：10B-36 16③：171-19 [6]Tyler S W.Whealeraft S W.Fmactal scaling of soil patide si dis [I9李德成，Vel:B.Dekrw JF,等.免耕制度下耕作土境结构 演化数字图像分析.土填学报20m2.39(2:24220iD trbuion analysis and limitations.Soil Science Socicty of America uml.192,4:362.30 C.Velde B.Delerue J F,et al.Imge analysis of devebpmert df altivated soil sructures undt nortillaee sstem In Chinee).Ada 「7】张季如.朱瑞废.祝文化.用粒径的数量分布表征的土壤分 Sinic 200.39:214-220 形特征.水利学报104354：67-71，月.h5JR, RC.Zhu WH.Fractal featuns of soik charaterind by grain si I3 徐阳新，康雁。陈旭.等译。KBH.分形漫步.沈阳：东北 大学出版社.1994578580.XuYX.KngY.ChmX4d trans.Kaye BH.A Random Walk Throh Fractal Dimensions In 4:67-1.79 Chinese).Sheryag:Norteatem Universty Prss.1994.578- [8 And-con A N.MeBratney A B FitPatrick EA.Soilma 50 [2)盛，谢式千.潘承.：率论与数理统计.第二版。北京 高等教有出版社.99.222-224Sh1.Xe [9 元图像分析及其影响因素研究 20m2.3349 19e.2224 C 1994-2011 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.http://www.cnki.net 容重的减小而降低, 随小孔隙的增多而增大, 随孔隙 度的增大而降低, 并与土壤容重和孔隙度存在着较 为显著的直线回归关系。土壤在不同利用方式、耕 作制度和侵蚀条件下的 D m存在差异, 总体上表现 为, 免耕林地土壤的 D m大于常规耕作的菜地土壤, 强侵蚀裸地土壤的 D m大于草地土壤, 因而前者的 土壤结构表现得更为紧实。 Ds定量描述了土壤孔隙轮廓边界的粗糙度和 曲折程度。孔隙边缘越粗糙、形状越不规则, Ds越 大, 但不表征孔隙轮廓大小和总体形状。土壤中各 孔隙的 Ds分布表现为正态分布形式。土壤不同利 用方式对 Ds分布有一定影响, 总体上表现为, 菜地 耕作土壤的 D top s 大于免耕林地土壤, 强侵蚀裸地土 壤的 D to p s 大于草地土壤, 因而前者的孔隙边缘相比 较为粗糙和不规则。 参 考 文 献 [ 1 ] Katz A J, Thompson A H. Fractal sandstone pores: Implications for conductivity and pore formation. Physical Review Letters, 1985, 54: 1 325~ 1 328 [ 2 ] Tyler S W, Wheat craft S W. Application of fract al mathematics to soil wat er retention estimation. Soil Science Society of America Jour
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