工程科学学报.第43卷.第3期：400-408.2021年3月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.43,No.3:400-408,March 2021 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.11.08.001;http://cje.ustb.edu.cn PH13-8Mo不锈钢在半乡村大气环境中长周期腐蚀行为 赵起越)，赵晋斌2，刘彦宁)，黄运华)，程学群，李晓刚 1)北京科技大学新材料技术研究院，北京1000832)南京钢铁股份有限公司江苏省高端钢铁材料重点实验室，南京211500 ☒通信作者，E-mail:huangyh @mater.ustb.edu.cn 摘要在北京半乡村大气环境中对未经预钝化及硝酸预钝化后的PH13-8Mo不锈钢进行5的长周期暴晒试验，通过表面 形貌观察、质量损失分析、表面钝化膜及腐蚀产物膜层分析、力学性能检测及断口分析等方法，研究了硝酸预钝化处理对 PH13-8Mo长周期腐蚀行为的影响规律及机理.结果表明.经5a大气暴晒试验，硝酸预钝化处理减轻了PH13-8Mo不锈钢的 点蚀、降低其均匀腐蚀速率，通过降低PH13-8Mo不锈钢钝化膜中的氢氧化物含量、提高Cr/F原子比并提高大气暴晒后表 面的Klv电位，延迟了C对钝化膜的破坏及点蚀的形核，进而提高了表面膜层对基体的保护作用.硝酸预钝化处理能减 少在半乡村大气环境中PH13-8Mo不锈钢力学性能的下降，但对试样的断裂方式几乎没有产生影响，二者均为韧性断裂，断 口均呈现典型的“杯锥状”. 关键词PH13-8Mo不锈钢：硝酸预钝化处理：半乡村大气腐蚀：钝化膜：力学性能 分类号TG142.71 Corrosion behavior of PH13-8Mo stainless steel after long-term exposure to semi-rural atmosphere ZHAO Qi-yue.ZHAO Jin-bin.LIU Yan-ning.HUANG Yun-hua CHENG Xue-qun,LI Xiao-gang 1)Institution of Advanced Materials and Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Premium Steel Material,Nanjing Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211500,China Corresponding author,E-mail:huangyh@mater.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT PH13-8Mo is a precipitation-strengthened,martensitic stainless steel with ultra-high strength,and satisfactory toughness and plasticity.It is generally utilized in the fields of aviation and traditional energy because of its remarkable mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,as well as its stable performance in harsh service environments.Because of the wide applications of PH13-8Mo stainless steel and the complex corrosive environments it faces,its corrosion resistance is of great significance for deciding the lifetime and safety of aircrafts and ships.However,limited by factors,including a long outdoor exposure test cycle and a large professional experimental site required,only a few reports exist on the atmospheric corrosion behavior and mechanism of PH13-8Mo stainless steel, especially the influence of chemical pre-passivation on the steel still remains relatively uninvestigated.Therefore,the outdoor exposure tests of two samples of PH13-8Mo stainless steel,with and without nitric-acid-passivated film,respectively,were performed in a semi- rural atmospheric environment in Beijing for five years.The effect of the pre-passivation treatment on the corrosion behavior and mechanism of PH13-8Mo stainless steel was investigated by observing the surface morphology,using the mass loss method,analyzing the passivated film and corrosion products,testing the mechanical properties,and conducting fracture analyses.The results show that the pre-passivation treatment with nitric acid reduces the pitting corrosion and decreases the corrosion rate.The pre-passivation treatment with nitric acid delays the destruction of Cl on the passivated film and also delays the nucleation of the pitting by increasing the hydroxide content and the atomic ratio of Cr/Fe of the passivated film,and it increases the surface Kelvin potential as well,further 收稿日期：2019-11-08 基金项目：国家重点研发资助项目(2016YFB0300604):国家自然科学基金资助项目(51971033)PH13-8Mo 不锈钢在半乡村大气环境中长周期腐蚀行为 赵起越1)，赵晋斌2)，刘彦宁1)，黄运华1) 苣，程学群1)，李晓刚1) 1) 北京科技大学新材料技术研究院，北京 100083    2) 南京钢铁股份有限公司江苏省高端钢铁材料重点实验室，南京 211500 苣通信作者，E-mail: huangyh@mater.ustb.edu.cn 摘    要    在北京半乡村大气环境中对未经预钝化及硝酸预钝化后的 PH13-8Mo 不锈钢进行 5 a 的长周期暴晒试验，通过表面 形貌观察、质量损失分析、表面钝化膜及腐蚀产物膜层分析、力学性能检测及断口分析等方法，研究了硝酸预钝化处理对 PH13-8Mo 长周期腐蚀行为的影响规律及机理. 结果表明，经 5 a 大气暴晒试验，硝酸预钝化处理减轻了 PH13-8Mo 不锈钢的 点蚀、降低其均匀腐蚀速率，通过降低 PH13-8Mo 不锈钢钝化膜中的氢氧化物含量、提高 Cr/Fe 原子比并提高大气暴晒后表 面的 Kelvin 电位，延迟了 Cl−对钝化膜的破坏及点蚀的形核，进而提高了表面膜层对基体的保护作用. 硝酸预钝化处理能减 少在半乡村大气环境中 PH13-8Mo 不锈钢力学性能的下降，但对试样的断裂方式几乎没有产生影响，二者均为韧性断裂，断 口均呈现典型的“杯锥状”. 关键词    PH13-8Mo 不锈钢；硝酸预钝化处理；半乡村大气腐蚀；钝化膜；力学性能 分类号    TG142.71 Corrosion behavior of PH13-8Mo stainless steel after long-term exposure to semi-rural atmosphere ZHAO Qi-yue1) ，ZHAO Jin-bin2) ，LIU Yan-ning1) ，HUANG Yun-hua1) 苣 ，CHENG Xue-qun1) ，LI Xiao-gang1) 1) Institution of Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Premium Steel Material, Nanjing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211500, China 苣 Corresponding author, E-mail: huangyh@mater.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT    PH13-8Mo is a precipitation-strengthened, martensitic stainless steel with ultra-high strength, and satisfactory toughness and plasticity. It is generally utilized in the fields of aviation and traditional energy because of its remarkable mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, as well as its stable performance in harsh service environments. Because of the wide applications of PH13-8Mo stainless steel and the complex corrosive environments it faces, its corrosion resistance is of great significance for deciding the lifetime and  safety  of  aircrafts  and  ships.  However,  limited  by  factors,  including  a  long  outdoor  exposure  test  cycle  and  a  large  professional experimental site required, only a few reports exist on the atmospheric corrosion behavior and mechanism of PH13-8Mo stainless steel, especially the influence of chemical pre-passivation on the steel still remains relatively uninvestigated. Therefore, the outdoor exposure tests of two samples of PH13-8Mo stainless steel, with and without nitric-acid-passivated film, respectively, were performed in a semi￾rural  atmospheric  environment  in  Beijing  for  five  years.  The  effect  of  the  pre-passivation  treatment  on  the  corrosion  behavior  and mechanism of PH13-8Mo stainless steel was investigated by observing the surface morphology, using the mass loss method, analyzing the passivated film and corrosion products, testing the mechanical properties, and conducting fracture analyses. The results show that the pre-passivation treatment with nitric acid reduces the pitting corrosion and decreases the corrosion rate. The pre-passivation treatment with  nitric  acid  delays  the  destruction  of  Cl− on  the  passivated  film  and  also  delays  the  nucleation  of  the  pitting  by  increasing  the hydroxide  content  and  the  atomic  ratio  of  Cr/Fe  of  the  passivated  film,  and  it  increases  the  surface  Kelvin  potential  as  well,  further 收稿日期: 2019−11−08 基金项目: 国家重点研发资助项目（2016YFB0300604）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51971033） 工程科学学报，第 43 卷，第 3 期：400−408，2021 年 3 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 43, No. 3: 400−408, March 2021 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.11.08.001; http://cje.ustb.edu.cn