A If we mix H2SO4 and H2O, we get a lot of heat A H2SO4 is a kind of dryer: Cl2, CO2 A H2SOA can be used as dehydrater in organic reactions 2)Sulfates d Solubility: Acid salts and the great number of normal salts will be readily soluble, few will be insoluble just like BaSO4, PbsO4 and Ag2 SO4 When soluble salts precipitate out of solution, the salts will contain crystal water(crystalline hydrate CuSO, 5H,0: bluestone FesO4'7H20: copperas 3 Thermal stability is determined by the charge, radius and ionic electron configuration of corresponding cation (ionic polarization) A Cation electron configuration: 8 K2SO4, Na2SO4, BaSO4: stable A Cation electron configuration: 18, 18+2, 9-17 CusO4, Ag2 SO4, PbSO4, Fe2(SO4)3: unstable 3. Disulfuric acid and pyrosulfate 1)Disulfuric acid H2S2O7 If we cool oleum, we can get disulfuric acid SO3+H2SO4-H2S207(colorless) H2S2O7 -H,O 2H2SO4 H2S2O7+H2O→2H2SO )Pyrosulfate 3 Preparation: 2KHSO4 >K2S20,+H20 2S20,>K2SO4+SO3 3 A1203+3K2S20,->Al2(S04)3+ K2SO4 第19页 2006-02-22第 19 页 2006-02-22 19 -H2O △1 If we mix H2SO4 and H2O, we get a lot of heat △2 H2SO4 is a kind of dryer: Cl2, CO2 △3 H2SO4 can be used as dehydrater in organic reactions 2) Sulfates ○ 1 Solubility: Acid salts and the great number of normal salts will be readily soluble, few will be insoluble just like BaSO4, PbSO4 and Ag2SO4 ○ 2 When soluble salts precipitate out of solution, the salts will contain crystal water (crystalline hydrate): CuSO4·5H2O: bluestone FeSO4·7H2O: copperas ○ 3 Thermal stability is determined by the charge, radius and ionic electron configuration of corresponding cation (ionic polarization) △1 Cation electron configuration: 8 K2SO4, Na2SO4, BaSO4: stable △2 Cation electron configuration: 18, 18+2, 9~17 CuSO4, Ag2SO4, PbSO4, Fe2(SO4)3: unstable 3. Disulfuric acid and pyrosulfates 1) Disulfuric acid: H2S2O7 If we cool oleum, we can get disulfuric acid SO3 + H2SO4 = H2S2O7 (colorless) 2H2SO4 H2S2O7 H2S2O7 + H2O → 2H2SO4 2) Pyrosulfates ○ 1 Preparation: 2KHSO4 →Δ K2S2O7 + H2O ○ 2 K2S2O7 →Δ K2SO4+ SO3 ○ 3 Al2O3+3K2S2O7 →Δ Al2(SO4)3+3 K2SO4