1)Sulfuric acid Structure 09 Propertie Physical properties Chemical properties 3 Strong acid: H2SO4+H+HSO4 HSO4H+SO42K2=1.0×102 3 Thermal stability H2SO4- SO3 + H2O 3 Oxidizing properties SParse sulfuric acid:H A Concentrated sulfuric acid o Reacts with many metals and nonmetals Cu+2H2sO4(strong=CusO4+SO2 1+2H2O C+2H2SO4( strong)=CO2↑+SO2↑+2H2O S+2H2SO4(strong)=3SO21+2H20 o Reacts with active metals Zn+2H2 SO4(strong)=ZnsO4+SO21+2H20 3Zn+4H2SO4(strong =3ZnSO4+S+4H2O 4Zn+5H2SO4(strong=4ZnSO4+ H2St+4H2O Passivation: Fe. Al. Cr 4 Water absorption: strong, H2S04 can dissolve in water in any proportion 第18页 2006-02-22第 18 页 2006-02-22 18 1) Sulfuric acid: Structure Properties: Physical properties Chemical properties ○ 1 Strong acid: H2SO4 → H+ + HSO4 - HSO4 - ↔ H+ + SO4 2- K2 θ =1.0×10-2 ○ 2 Thermal stability H2SO4 →Δ SO3 + H2O ○ 3 Oxidizing properties: △1 Sparse sulfuric acid: H+ △2 Concentrated sulfuric acid: ◇ 1 Reacts with many metals and nonmetals: Cu+2H2SO4(strong)=CuSO4+SO2↑+2H2O C+2H2SO4(strong)=CO2↑+SO2↑+2H2O S+2H2SO4(strong)=3SO2↑+2H2O ◇ 2 Reacts with active metals: Zn+2H2SO4(strong)=ZnSO4+SO2↑+2H2O 3Zn+4H2SO4(strong)=3ZnSO4+S+4H2O 4Zn+5H2SO4(strong)=4ZnSO4+ H2S↑+4H2O ◇ 3 Passivation: Fe, Al, Cr ○4 Water absorption: strong, H2SO4 can dissolve in water in any proportion