History of Database Systems 1950s and early 1960s: Data processing using magnetic tapes for storage Tapes provided only sequential access Punched cards for input ■Late1960sand1970s: Hard disks allowed direct access to data Network and hierarchical data models in widespread use Ted Codd defines the relational data model Would win the ACM Turing Award for this work IBM Research begins System R prototype UC Berkeley(Michael Stonebraker)begins Ingres prototype Oracle releases first commercial relational database High-performance (for the era)transaction processing Database System Concepts-7th Edition 1.34 ©Silberscha乜，Korth and SudarshanDatabase System Concepts - 7 1.34 ©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan th Edition History of Database Systems ▪ 1950s and early 1960s: • Data processing using magnetic tapes for storage ▪ Tapes provided only sequential access • Punched cards for input ▪ Late 1960s and 1970s: • Hard disks allowed direct access to data • Network and hierarchical data models in widespread use • Ted Codd defines the relational data model ▪ Would win the ACM Turing Award for this work ▪ IBM Research begins System R prototype ▪ UC Berkeley (Michael Stonebraker) begins Ingres prototype ▪ Oracle releases first commercial relational database • High-performance (for the era) transaction processing