<0 δ7δS-6DδV>0 aS S S=S(T,V) 6T+ δ OT aS O aT p=p(,y) sp 0/87+/ S 678S-8p6= (δT (δ)2>0 aT T 平衡稳定性条件 aS O >0 aT T 67δS-8p6//OT (δS) (p)2>0 aS 平衡稳定性条件 OT T =VK。>0 aS0 ~ δ δ 0 2 2 = −  T U S δTδS − δpδV  0 S = S(T,V ) V V S T T S S V T δ δ  δ         +        = p = p(T,V) V V p T T p p V T δ δ  δ         +        = T T V p V S          =        δ δ δ δ (δ ) (δ ) 0 2 2           −        − = V V p T T S T S p V V T 平衡稳定性条件  =  0        T C T S V V 0 1  =         − V T V T p  δ δ δ δ (δ ) (δ ) 0 2 2             −        − = p p V S S T T S p V p S 平衡稳定性条件  =  0        p Cp T S T =  0           − S S V p V 