○手超日和肤建日的容哭科和字茶童要华的行征。 目的 《则修，停体地，因装，地：电，网体，直，声体，长地，红站棒路，落的，国诗，水尾，有阳的，吴虫（示面）。花结不意)·士第 以及本次实验各科的示范标本 内容与方法 一、半翅日 主受包括脑角的节数。有无单鼠，前翅有无缘片、根片和膜质郁的林序，中胸小后片的形状和大小，足的类型、赠节式和爪的着生位置停。 (二)分科检索表 半短日分料检索表 2 2前足描捉足 前足非持提足 4头的后修盖住前病青板前修：休背隆起不明显：前足第1附节匙形，有丛生刚毛. 8 头部比胸部短 小而不在表 8触角5节，极少数4节. 触角4 ,12 转Scutellerida 科Pent 13喙3节 。隆4节 11 14无单眼：前翅退化。后翅消失 .臭虫科Cimicidae 5前有缘片及片灵质无封的超空 15 i6片 片质部有2个封闭的超室 .行结科Reduviid 17 有单眼 .9 20 《三)常见科的主特征和代表种 见节上的气科Teaa0mida 触角3~4节：头部后缘覆盖前胸前缘：前足短，中足细长，后足扇浆形面短于中足：用节式11-2或1-2-2。 然角34营：你空起船底，游珠时青面向下，腹面朝上：后足游体足，明显长于前中足：雨节式22,2.代表件类：大钟泳站No0ea 目 的 认识半翅目和脉翅目的常见科和掌握重要科的特征。 材 料 划蝽，仰泳蝽，田鳖，蝎蝽，黾蝽，网蝽，盲蝽，猎蝽，长蝽，红蝽，缘蝽，荔蝽，圆蝽，水黾，刺肩蝽，臭虫（示范），花蝽（示范），土蝽 （示范），草蛉，蚁蛉，蝶角蛉，以及本次实验各科的示范标本。 内容与方法 一、半翅目 （一）分科特征 主要包括触角的节数，有无单眼，前翅有无缘片、楔片和膜质部的脉序，中胸小盾片的形状和大小，足的类型、跗节式和爪的着生位置等。 （二）分科检索表 半翅目分科检索表 1 触角比头短，隐藏在复眼下的槽内而不外露········································································································ 2 - 触角比头长或等长，常显露在外面························································································································· 5 2 前足捕捉足 ································································································································································ 3 - 前足非捕捉足 ····························································································································································· 4 3. 后足圆筒形，无缘毛，不适于游泳；腹部末端的呼吸管长而外露··········································· 蝎蝽科Nepidae - 后足扁平，有缘毛，适于游泳；腹部末端的呼吸管扁而能缩入····································· 田鳖科Belostomatidae 4 头的后缘盖住前胸背板前缘；体背隆起不明显；前足第1跗节匙形，有丛生刚毛·········································· ································································································································································ 划蝽科 Corixidae - 头的后缘不盖住前胸背板前缘；体背隆起明显，游泳时背向下，腹面朝上；前足跗节不为匙形 仰泳蝽科Notonectidae 5 腹部腹面密被银白色绒毛；生活于水面················································································································ 6 - 腹部腹面不被银白色绒毛；陆生····························································································································· 8 6 头部比胸部长或等长，体细长····························································································· 尺蝽科Hydrometridae - 头部比胸部短 ····························································································································································· 7 7 前足跗节端部完整，爪着生在末端························································································ 水蝽科Mesoveliidae - 前足跗节端部分裂，爪着生在裂开处而不在末端········································································ 水黾科Gerridae 8 触角5节，极少数4节············································································································································ 9 - 触角4节 ··································································································································································· 12 9 小盾片特别大，U形或半球形，几乎盖住腹部·································································································· 10 - 小盾片小，三角形或舌形，仅盖住腹部的少部分······························································································· 11 10 前翅长约为腹部的2倍，中间能折，栖息时折藏于小盾片下；跗节2节························ 龟蝽科Plataspididae - 前翅不特别长，不能折转；跗节常分3节·············································································· 盾蝽科Scutelleridae 11 胫节有强大的刺；前足开掘足，跗节有时退化·········································································· 土蝽科Cydnidae - 胫节无强大的刺，或仅有小刺；前足非开掘足，跗节发达···················································· 蝽科Pentatomidae 12 前胸和前翅有网状纹························································································································ 网蝽科Tingidae - 前胸和前翅无网状纹，或翅退化··························································································································· 13 13 喙3节 ······································································································································································ 14 - 喙4节 ······································································································································································· 16 14 无单眼；前翅极退化，后翅消失·································································································· 臭虫科Cimicidae - 常有单眼；前翅和后翅多正常······························································································································· 15 15 前翅有缘片及楔片，膜质部无封闭的翅室············································································ 花蝽科Anthocoridae - 前翅无缘片及楔片，膜质部有2个封闭的翅室········································································ 猎蝽科Reduviidae 16 喙基部弯曲，不贴于头部················································································································ 姬蝽科Nabidae - 喙基部直，不用时紧贴于头部······························································································································· 17 17 无单眼 ······································································································································································ 18 - 有单眼 ······································································································································································· 19 18 前翅有楔片；膜质部上有少数翅脉，形成l～2个基室································································ 盲蝽科Miridae - 前翅无楔片；膜质部上有2～3个基室，由此发出5～8条分枝脉··································· 红蝽科Pyrrhocoridae 19 前翅膜质部只有4～5条纵脉········································································································ 长蝽科Lygaeidae - 前翅膜质部有8条以上的纵脉······························································································································· 20 20 体纵长，边缘常平行，无金属光泽；触角着生头部背面；纵脉端部常分叉；触角，足和前胸背板上常部分扩展成叶状 缘蝽科Coreidae - 体宽短，中间比两端宽，边缘不平行，有的有金属光泽；触角着生在头部腹面；纵脉端部不分叉；腹部第1可见腹节上的气门完全或部分外露 ············································································································································ 荔蝽科Tessaratomidae （三）常见科的主要特征和代表种类 A．蝎蝽亚目Nepomorpha 1．划蝽科Corixidae（图31A） 触角3～4节；头部后缘覆盖前胸前缘；前足短，中足细长，后足扁浆形而短于中足；跗节式1-1-2或1-2-2。 2．仰泳蝽科Notonectidae（图31B） 触角3～4节；体背隆起似船底，游泳时背面向下，腹面朝上；后足游泳足，明显长于前中足；跗节式2-2-2。代表种类：大仰泳蝽Notonecta montandoni Kirkaldy。 3．负子蝽科Belostomatidae（图31C）