工程科学学报，第40卷，第12期：1468-1475,2018年12月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.40,No.12:1468-1475,December 2018 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.12.004;http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 钨冶炼渣综合回收利用的研究进展 杨俊彦12)，齐申)，刘海”，王文科)，黄景存)，张建东)，车小奎)，宋 波2)，王力军)四 1)北京有色金属研究总院稀有金属冶金材料研究所，北京1000882)北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京100083 3)中国五矿集团公司，北京100010 区通信作者，E-mail:gold@ginm.com 摘要综述了钨治炼渣中有用金属回收利用现状与研究进展，介绍了黑钨和白钨的冶炼工艺、钨、锡、钽、铌、钪回收工艺与 理论、钨冶炼渣的减量化处理研究进展.重选和浮选工艺可回收钨锡，得到钨锡精矿后再进行治炼，选矿工艺流程简单易工业 生产且成本低，但适应性较差，对于较细物料无法有效回收，湿法治金工艺可回收钨、锡、钽、铌、钪，适应性强但流程复杂，酸碱 废水对环境影响大：钨治炼渣减量化是综合利用的根本要求，目前主要用来制做水泥辅料、建筑胶砂、多孔材料、微晶玻璃等， 介绍了目前减量化处理的研究现状.最后提出了问题与建议，钪钽铌稀有金属提取工艺的进步依赖萃取剂和离子交换树脂的 发展，可利用材料领域内第一性原理和化学配位理论，研发选择性强的萃取剂和交换容量大的离子交换树脂，解决萃取剂选 择性差、离子交换树脂交换容量小、废水量大的问题，从原子层面研究出相互作用机理，最终筛选出高效萃取剂及离子交换树 脂.指出选治联合工艺，开发短流程绿色提取技术、冶炼渣高附加值材料研制技术可能是今后研究的重点. 关键词钨治炼渣：钨治金：萃取：浸出；综合利用 分类号TF09 Progress of research related to the comprehensive recovery and utilization of tungsten smelting slag YANG Jun-yan'),QI Shen,LIU Hai,WANG Wen-ke,HUANG Jing-cun),ZHANG Jian-dong,CHE Xiao-kui),SONG Bo?), WANG Li-jun) 1)Mining.Metallurgy Materials Research Institue,General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,Beijing 100088,China 2)School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 3)China Minmetals Corporation,Beijing 100010,China Corresponding author,E-mail:gold@grinm.com ABSTRACI Tungsten smelting slag is an important secondary resource,it contains tungsten,tin,tantalum,niobium,scandium, and other useful metals,which have great recycling value.However,tungsten smelting slag is a solid waste that can cause groundwater and soil pollution.Further,the progress of the comprehensive recovery and utilization of tungsten smelting slag was reviewed.The process of wolframite and scheelite smelting,the recovery process theories of tin,tantalum,niobium,and scandium,and the reduction of tungsten smelting slag were also presented.Tungsten and tin can be recovered by gravity separation and flotation,which is followed by smelting.This process is easy in case of industrial applications,and the cost is low,however the adaptability is poor,and fine ma- terials cannot be effectively recycled.Tungsten,tin,tantalum,niobium,and scandium can be recovered by hydrometallurgy,which is a complex process that considerably influences the environment.Tungsten smelting reduction is a fundamental requirement for the com- prehensive utilization of slag,which is mainly used to manufacture the cement materials,porous materials,and microcrystalline glass. 收稿日期：2017-12-05 基金项目：国家科技部高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2013AA065703)工程科学学报,第 40 卷,第 12 期:1468鄄鄄1475,2018 年 12 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 40, No. 12: 1468鄄鄄1475, December 2018 DOI: 10. 13374 / j. issn2095鄄鄄9389. 2018. 12. 004; http: / / journals. ustb. edu. cn 钨冶炼渣综合回收利用的研究进展 杨俊彦1,2) , 齐 申3) , 刘 海1) , 王文科1) , 黄景存1) , 张建东1) , 车小奎1) , 宋 波2) , 王力军1) 苣 1)北京有色金属研究总院稀有金属冶金材料研究所, 北京 100088 2)北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院, 北京 100083 3)中国五矿集团公司, 北京 100010 苣通信作者, E鄄mail: gold@ grinm. com 摘 要 综述了钨冶炼渣中有用金属回收利用现状与研究进展,介绍了黑钨和白钨的冶炼工艺、钨、锡、钽、铌、钪回收工艺与 理论、钨冶炼渣的减量化处理研究进展. 重选和浮选工艺可回收钨锡,得到钨锡精矿后再进行冶炼,选矿工艺流程简单易工业 生产且成本低,但适应性较差,对于较细物料无法有效回收,湿法冶金工艺可回收钨、锡、钽、铌、钪,适应性强但流程复杂,酸碱 废水对环境影响大;钨冶炼渣减量化是综合利用的根本要求,目前主要用来制做水泥辅料、建筑胶砂、多孔材料、微晶玻璃等, 介绍了目前减量化处理的研究现状. 最后提出了问题与建议,钪钽铌稀有金属提取工艺的进步依赖萃取剂和离子交换树脂的 发展,可利用材料领域内第一性原理和化学配位理论,研发选择性强的萃取剂和交换容量大的离子交换树脂,解决萃取剂选 择性差、离子交换树脂交换容量小、废水量大的问题,从原子层面研究出相互作用机理,最终筛选出高效萃取剂及离子交换树 脂. 指出选冶联合工艺,开发短流程绿色提取技术、冶炼渣高附加值材料研制技术可能是今后研究的重点. 关键词 钨冶炼渣; 钨冶金; 萃取; 浸出; 综合利用 分类号 TF09 收稿日期: 2017鄄鄄12鄄鄄05 基金项目: 国家科技部高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2013AA065703) Progress of research related to the comprehensive recovery and utilization of tungsten smelting slag YANG Jun鄄yan 1,2) , QI Shen 3) , LIU Hai 1) , WANG Wen鄄ke 1) , HUANG Jing鄄cun 1) , ZHANG Jian鄄dong 1) , CHE Xiao鄄kui 1) , SONG Bo 2) , WANG Li鄄jun 1) 1)Mining, Metallurgy & Materials Research Institue, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China 2)School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 3)China Minmetals Corporation, Beijing 100010, China 苣Corresponding author, E鄄mail: gold@ grinm. com ABSTRACT Tungsten smelting slag is an important secondary resource, it contains tungsten, tin, tantalum, niobium, scandium, and other useful metals, which have great recycling value. However, tungsten smelting slag is a solid waste that can cause groundwater and soil pollution. Further, the progress of the comprehensive recovery and utilization of tungsten smelting slag was reviewed. The process of wolframite and scheelite smelting, the recovery process theories of tin, tantalum, niobium, and scandium, and the reduction of tungsten smelting slag were also presented. Tungsten and tin can be recovered by gravity separation and flotation, which is followed by smelting. This process is easy in case of industrial applications, and the cost is low, however the adaptability is poor, and fine ma鄄 terials cannot be effectively recycled. Tungsten, tin, tantalum, niobium, and scandium can be recovered by hydrometallurgy, which is a complex process that considerably influences the environment. Tungsten smelting reduction is a fundamental requirement for the com鄄 prehensive utilization of slag, which is mainly used to manufacture the cement materials, porous materials, and microcrystalline glass