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工程科学学报.第43卷.第12期:1618-1629.2021年12月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.43,No.12:1618-1629,December 2021 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2021.10.08.001;http://cje.ustb.edu.cn 高温熔盐体系惰性阳极与月壤电解制氧技术 寇明银2,,王明涌12,),焦树强2,3)区 1)北京科技大学钢铁治金新技术国家重点实验室,北京1000832)北京科技大学治金与生态工程学院,北京1000833)北京科技大学稀 贵金属绿色回收与提取北京市重点实验室,北京100083 ☒通信作者.E-mail:sjiao@ustb.edu.cn 摘要目前,熔盐电化学治金普遍采用炭素阳极,阳极CO,产物是重要的碳排放源.若在高温熔盐体系中使用惰性析氧 阳极,则可实现熔盐电解过程低碳排放.因此,开发适用于熔盐电解体系的惰性阳极至关重要,也是近年来国内外研究热 点.本文首先综述了各种高温熔盐体系惰性阳极的研究进展,所涉及熔盐体系包括:铝电解氟化物盐、CC2熔盐、碳酸盐 和熔融氧化物等.另外,近年来月球开发利用受到广泛关注,太阳能驱动的月壤原位熔盐电化学制氧,将是支撑人类未来 月面生存氧气需求的重要方法之一,故惰性析氧阳极不可或缺.因此,本文也简要综述了基于惰性阳极的月壤电解制氧 技术 关键词碳减排:高温熔盐:惰性阳极:熔盐电解:月壤制氧 分类号TQ151.9 Inert anode in a high-temperature molten salt system and oxygen generation by moon regolith electrolysis KOU Ming-yin2.WANG Ming-yong 2).JIAO Shu-giang 1)State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 00083,China 2)School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 3)Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recovery and Extraction of Rare and Precious Metals,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:sjiao@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT In 2020,China proposed to reach the peak of CO2 emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, which is the so-called "carbon peak and carbon neutrality"strategy.Due to strategic requirements,the metallurgical industry has the responsibility of reducing its CO2 emission as it is one of the major CO emitters.Therefore,it is imperative to develop low-carbon metallurgical technology.High-temperature molten salt electrochemical metallurgy uses electrons as the energy carrier and reaction driving force,having the advantages of cleanliness and high efficiency.It is the main extraction technology for aluminum,rare earth elements,alkali metal,and alkaline earth metals.Currently,carbon anodes are commonly used in molten salt electrochemical metallurgy, and CO2 product is an important carbon emission source.If an inert oxygen evolution anode is used in a high-temperature molten salt system,then low-carbon emissions can be achieved in the molten salt electrolysis process.Therefore,the development of inert anodes suitable for molten salt electrolysis systems is very important,which has recently become a worldwide research hotspot.This article first reviewed the research progress of inert anodes in various high-temperature molten salt systems,including aluminum electrolytic fluoride salts,CaCl2 molten salts,carbonates,and molten oxides.Meanwhile,the recent development and the utilization of the moon have 收稿日期:2021-10-08 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51725401)高温熔盐体系惰性阳极与月壤电解制氧技术 寇明银1,2,3),王明涌1,2,3),焦树强1,2,3) 苣 1) 北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室,北京 100083    2) 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京 100083    3) 北京科技大学稀 贵金属绿色回收与提取北京市重点实验室,北京 100083 苣通信作者, E-mail: sjiao@ustb.edu.cn 摘    要    目前,熔盐电化学冶金普遍采用炭素阳极,阳极 CO2 产物是重要的碳排放源. 若在高温熔盐体系中使用惰性析氧 阳极,则可实现熔盐电解过程低碳排放. 因此,开发适用于熔盐电解体系的惰性阳极至关重要,也是近年来国内外研究热 点. 本文首先综述了各种高温熔盐体系惰性阳极的研究进展,所涉及熔盐体系包括:铝电解氟化物盐、CaCl2 熔盐、碳酸盐 和熔融氧化物等. 另外,近年来月球开发利用受到广泛关注,太阳能驱动的月壤原位熔盐电化学制氧,将是支撑人类未来 月面生存氧气需求的重要方法之一,故惰性析氧阳极不可或缺. 因此,本文也简要综述了基于惰性阳极的月壤电解制氧 技术. 关键词    碳减排;高温熔盐;惰性阳极;熔盐电解;月壤制氧 分类号    TQ151.9 Inert anode in a high-temperature molten salt system and oxygen generation by moon regolith electrolysis KOU Ming-yin1,2,3) ,WANG Ming-yong1,2,3) ,JIAO Shu-qiang1,2,3) 苣 1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2) School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 3) Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recovery and Extraction of Rare and Precious Metals, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 苣 Corresponding author, E-mail: sjiao@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT    In  2020,  China  proposed  to  reach  the  peak  of  CO2 emissions  before  2030  and  achieve  carbon  neutrality  by 2060, which is the so-called “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” strategy. Due to strategic requirements, the metallurgical industry has the responsibility of reducing its CO2 emission as it is one of the major CO2 emitters. Therefore, it is imperative to develop low-carbon metallurgical  technology.  High-temperature  molten  salt  electrochemical  metallurgy  uses  electrons  as  the  energy  carrier  and  reaction driving force, having the advantages of cleanliness and high efficiency. It is the main extraction technology for aluminum, rare earth elements, alkali metal, and alkaline earth metals. Currently, carbon anodes are commonly used in molten salt electrochemical metallurgy, and CO2 product is an important carbon emission source. If an inert oxygen evolution anode is used in a high-temperature molten salt system, then low-carbon emissions can be achieved in the molten salt electrolysis process. Therefore, the development of inert anodes suitable for molten salt electrolysis systems is very important, which has recently become a worldwide research hotspot. This article first reviewed the research progress of inert anodes in various high-temperature molten salt systems, including aluminum electrolytic fluoride salts,  CaCl2 molten  salts,  carbonates,  and  molten  oxides.  Meanwhile,  the  recent  development  and  the  utilization  of  the  moon  have 收稿日期: 2021−10−08 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51725401) 工程科学学报,第 43 卷,第 12 期:1618−1629,2021 年 12 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 43, No. 12: 1618−1629, December 2021 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2021.10.08.001; http://cje.ustb.edu.cn
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