第4期 超等:不可通约性与科学合理性 景下所作的共同选择,而不是超历史的普遍原则起作用的结果。同样,异常科学时期在理论选择上的分 歧也是由于当时不同的科学家所接受的不同的背景信息、历史材料、使用价值标准的方式等等造成的 因此,不论是对于不同的科学共同体还是对于同一个共同体,科学合理性都根植于历史,根植于具体的 科学实践 参考文献 I I Popper- K. Logic of Scientific Discovery M]. New York: Harper Row. 1959. 2] Lakatos L. Musgrave A. Criticism and the Grow th of Know ledge M). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press [3 Kuhn T The Structure of Scient if ie Revolution M]. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1970 L 4 Quine W. V.O. Word and Ob ject[ M]. Cambridge: The MIT Press 1960. I 5 Lakatos L. The Methodo logy of Scientific Research Programmes A]. Philosophical Papers: Vol. I[ C]. Cambridge: ambridge University Press 1978 (责任编辑严真) Incommensurability and scientific Rationality: An Interpretation of Kuhn ZHOU Chao, ZHU ZhIfang (L. The Research Center for Public A dministration. Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou 510275. Guangdo ng, China; 2. School of Philosophy, Wuhan U niversity, Wuhan 430072 Hubei China) Biographies: ZHO U Chao(1963), male, Doctor. Associate professor. The Research Center for Public Administration Sun Yat-Sen University, majoring in public policy and the policies of cience and technology: ZHU Zhi-fang(1961-),male. Doctor, Professor. Doctoral supervisor, majoring in Western philosophy, philosophy of science and science of Abstract: Logical Positivists and Popperians take the principles of scientif ic rationality as the rules of esting scientific hypotheses and at tempt to formulate a set of criteria of scientific rationality w hich is universal ahistorical and culturally independent. Based on detailed histo rical research, T. Kuhn suggests that science is a sort of puzzle-solving activities under the guidance of a determined paradigm, scientif ic revolution is paradig m shift, and different parad ig ms are incommensurable. In terms of those ideas, Kuh has put forward a theory of histo rical and local rationality, given account for the close relationship between scientific rationality and the behavior of scientific community, and thus promoted a fundament al transformation of our concept of rationality Key words: incommensurability; scientific rationaity; paradigm ?1994-2016chinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net景下所作的共同选择 ,而不是超历史的普遍原则起作用的结果。同样 ,异常科学时期在理论选择上的分 歧也是由于当时不同的科学家所接受的不同的背景信息 、历史材料 、使用价值标准的方式等等造成的。 因此, 不论是对于不同的科学共同体还是对于同一个共同体 ,科学合理性都根植于历史 ,根植于具体的 科学实践 。 [ 参 考 文 献] [ 1] Popper, K .Logic of Scientific Discovery[ M] .New York :Harper & Row , 1959 . [ 2] Lakatos, I.& Musgrave , A.Criticism and the Grow th of Know ledge[ M] .Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1970 . [ 3] Kuhn, T .The Structure of Scientific Revolutions[ M] .Chicago:University of Chicag o Press, 1970 . [ 4] Quine, W.V.O.Word and Object[ M] .Cambridge:The MIT Press, 1960. [ 5] Lakatos, I.The Methodo logy o f Scientific Research Prog rammes[ A] .Philosophical Papers:Vol .I[ C] .Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978 . (责任编辑 严 真) Incommensurability and Scientific Rationality:An Interpretation of Kuhn ZHOU Chao 1 , ZHU Zhi-fang 2 (1.The Research Center fo r Public Administration , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , Guangdo ng , China; 2.School of Philosophy , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, Hubei , China) Biographies:ZHOU Chao(1963-), male , Docto r,Associate professor , The Research Center fo r Public Administration, Sun Yat-Sen University , majo ring in public policy and the policies of science and technolog y ;ZHU Zhi-fang (1961-), male , Doctor , Professo r, Doctoral supervisor, majoring in Western philosophy , philosophy of science and science of language . Abstract:Logical Positivists and Popperians take the principles of scientific rationality as the rules of testing scientific hypotheses and attempt to formulate a set of criteria of scientific rationality w hich is universal, ahistorical and culturally independent .Based on detailed histo rical research , T .Kuhn suggests that science is a sort of puzzle-solving activities under the guidance of a determined paradigm , scientific revolution is paradigm shift , and different paradigms are incommensurable .In terms of those ideas, Kuhn has put forward a theory of histo rical and local rationality , given account for the close relationship between scientific rationality and the behavio r of scientific community , and thus promoted a fundamental transformation of our concept of rationality . Key words:incommensurability ;scientific rationality ;paradigm 第 4 期 周 超, 等 :不可通约性与科学合理性 · 493 ·