河北医科大学药学院 "Angel of Death"-Digoxin 马兜铃酸Aristolochic Acid 著名的龙和海肝克事件-latrogenic disease 2 疯草与疯草病 华佗为关羽刮骨疗伤 -0t 《做有在利年) Lentiginosine 2-epi-L.entiginosine 植物文化箭毒木 Batrachotoxin箭毒蛙毒素 Dr.John W.Daly 天然药物化学教研室史清文教授河北医科大学药学院 天然药物化学教研室史清文教授 6 "Angel of Death"- Digoxin Charles Edmund Cullen (1960-) is an American serial killer. Cullen confessed to authorities that he killed up to forty patients during the course of his sixteen-year career as a nurse in New Jersey. Experts have estimated that Cullen may ultimately be responsible for 400 deaths, which would make him the most prolific serial killer in recorded history. He is currently serving a sentence of life in prison without parole for over 100 years, to be served consecutively with his other sentences in Pennsylvania. 马兜铃酸 Aristolochic Acid 2008年，国际癌症研究机构（International Agency for Research on Cancer，IARC）将马兜铃酸列为 1 类致癌物；马兜铃酸类物质列为 2 类致癌物。到了 2012 年，将所有的马兜铃酸类物质（马兜铃酸、含有马 兜铃酸的化合物及植物）升级成为 1 类致癌物。 2013年，科学家发现马兜铃酸造成的基因突变位点，并证明马兜铃酸 引起基因突变的能力是现今已知所有物质中最强的，在每百万碱基中就 有150个碱基基因会发生突变。同时也首次证明了马兜铃酸具有的肝毒性。 著名的龙胆泻肝丸事件- Iatrogenic disease 疯草与疯草病 273 Swainsonine 苦马豆碱 locoweed 疯草 （牲畜食后引起疯草病） Indolizidine alkaloid 作为抗癌药物进入II临床 Locoweed Disease 疯草病 Lentiginosine 2-epi-Lentiginosine 华佗为关羽刮骨疗伤 N H OCH3 OBz OCH3 OAc OH H3CO OH HO OCH3 OH 乌头碱 Acontine Aconitum carmichaeli 见血封喉 Antiaris toxicaria Lesch 植物文化—箭 毒 木 d-tubocurarine Toxicarioside M OH OH CH3 OH H O O OH HO HO H3C O O H O O O O CHO OH OH HO HO H3C OCH3 HO CH3 N N O O H Toxicarioside B Strychnine 马钱子碱 筒箭毒碱-肌肉松弛剂 N O N O OCH3 H3CO CH3 OH H3C OH H H Batrachotoxin 箭毒蛙毒素 毒镖蛙 Dr. John W. Daly 250-fold more toxic than strychnine (1933-2008) O O N HO O O NH HO H