CHAPTER 26 Public Health Practice in Communities In addition to these seven principles, MAPP also empha- measurable parameters; each objective should be specific identifying community strengths and assessing current relevant, measurable, and associated with a time frame. es of change( Fig. 26-2) Objectives can cover structure, processes, or outcomes(see Chapter 28). When writing objectives, health planners C. Develop Objectives to Measure Progress should follow the acronym SMART: specific, measurable, One of the most important parts in planning change is objectives is the Healthy People database o Tce of SMART to define objectives. Objectives are defined as specific I. Healthy People 2020 During the 1970s, representatives from many public health and scientific organizations began to develop national health promotion and disease prevention objectives. Their efforts national 10-year objectives to improve the health of al Organize E Partnership Americans, The most recent version of these is health for success development People 2020. Although the federal government acted as coor dinator and facilitator of these efforts and supported the Four MAPP assessments goals and objectives outlined, the documents themselves were "not intended as a statement of federal standards or Identify strategic issue requirements. They do represent, however, a national con- trategy of th Formulate goals and strategies tions,and public-spirited citizens. The reports have had a major impact on the way government and other institutions Evaluate in the United States direct their resources in public healt For example, most federal grants require possible grantees to describe how proposals will advance Healthy People 2020 tatus unity health 1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death Partnerships(MAPP).(From National Association of County and City 2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve lealth Offcials, Washington, DC, with Centers for Disease Control and the health of all groups. PreventionAtlanta.http://www.naccho.org/topics/infrastructure/mapp/ 3. Create social and physical environments that promot good health for al Table 26-6 Healthy People 2020: Goals, Foundational Health Measures, and Progress Foundational Health Overarching Goals Measures Categor Measures of progres General health status Healthy life expectancy disability, injury, and Physically, mentally unhealthy days premature death. Self-assessed health status Iternational comparisons(where available) Disparities and inequity imparities/inequity to be assessed b ace/ethnicity health of all groups Socioeconomic status ability status Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender status Social determinants of health determinants can include factors good health for all atural and built environments Promote quality of life, healthy Health-related quality of life ysical, mental, and social health-related quality of life behaviors across all life stages Participation in common activities FromHealthyPeople2020,u.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServiceshttp://healthypeoplegow/2020/topicsobjectives2020/pdfs/hp2020_brochure_with-lhi_508.pdf