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工程科学学报,第39卷,第3期:317-322,2017年3月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.39,No.3:317-322,March 2017 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2017.03.001:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 从鸟群群集飞行到无人机自主集群编队 邱华鑫,段海滨⑧ 北京航空航天大学飞行器控制一体化技术重点实验室仿生自主飞行系统研究组,北京100083 ☒通信作者,E-mail:hbduan@buaa.cdu.cn 摘要无人机可通过自主集群编队提高其在复杂环境下执行任务的能力.多飞行器并存导致系统协调管理难度提升等一 系列问题,因此如何设计合理高效的无人机集群编队协调自主控制算法是一个亟待解决的难点问题.在鸟群群集飞行过程 中,个体通过遵循简单行为规则进行相互合作而产生复杂有序的集体行为·由于鸟群群集飞行过程中所表现出的邻近交互 性、群体稳定性和环境适应性等特点与无人机集群编队的自主、协调和智能等控制要求有着紧密的契合之处,因此,研究鸟群 群集飞行机制,并将其映射到无人机集群系统,是解决无人机集群编队协调自主控制问题的一条切实可行的途径. 关键词无人机:集群编队:自主控制:群集运动:协调决策 分类号V249.1 From collective flight in bird flocks to unmanned aerial vehicle autonomous swarm formation QIU Hua-xin,DUAN Hai-bin Bio-inspired Autonomous Flight Systems Research Group,Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory,Beihang University,Beijing 100083, China Corresponding author,E-mail:hbduan@buaa.edu.cn ABSTRACT The mission abilities of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)under complex environments will be improved by autono- mous swarm formations.The coexistence of multiple aircrafts raises a series of problems,such as growing difficulties in coordinated managements.As a result,the design of the UAV swarm formation coordinated autonomous control algorithm is an urgent and crux problem.During the process of collective flight in bird flocks,complex and orderly collective behaviors emerges after the cooperation among individuals based on simple behavior rules.Due to the agreement between the autonomous,coordinated and intelligent control requirements of UAV swarm formations and the characteristic of bird flock collective flight such as adjacent interactions,group stabili- ties and environment adaptions,the study on the mechanism of collective flight in bird flocks and the mapping relationship between bird flocks and UAV swarm systems will give a feasible way to solve the UAV swarm formation coordinated autonomous control prob- lem. KEY WORDS unmanned aerial vehicle:swarm formation:autonomous control;collective motion:coordinated decision 无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle,UAV)是一种由机相比于有人机能够体现出更大的优势.机上无人、 自身程序控制或由无线电遥控的,用来执行特定任务 任务复杂以及动态不确定环境决定了无人机系统势必 的无人驾驶飞行器m.在执行枯燥、恶劣和危险(he 朝着集群化、自主化和智能化方向发展.无人机自主 dull,the dirty and the dangerous,3D)的任务回时,无人 集群编队飞行,就是多架具有自主能力的无人机按照 收稿日期:2016-10-13 基金项目:国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(61425008):国家自然科学基金资助项目(61333004):北京航空航天大学博士研究生卓越学术基 金资助项目(2016年度)工程科学学报,第 39 卷,第 3 期: 317--322,2017 年 3 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol. 39,No. 3: 317--322,March 2017 DOI: 10. 13374 /j. issn2095--9389. 2017. 03. 001; http: / /journals. ustb. edu. cn 从鸟群群集飞行到无人机自主集群编队 邱华鑫,段海滨 北京航空航天大学飞行器控制一体化技术重点实验室仿生自主飞行系统研究组,北京 100083 通信作者,E-mail: hbduan@ buaa. edu. cn 摘 要 无人机可通过自主集群编队提高其在复杂环境下执行任务的能力. 多飞行器并存导致系统协调管理难度提升等一 系列问题,因此如何设计合理高效的无人机集群编队协调自主控制算法是一个亟待解决的难点问题. 在鸟群群集飞行过程 中,个体通过遵循简单行为规则进行相互合作而产生复杂有序的集体行为. 由于鸟群群集飞行过程中所表现出的邻近交互 性、群体稳定性和环境适应性等特点与无人机集群编队的自主、协调和智能等控制要求有着紧密的契合之处,因此,研究鸟群 群集飞行机制,并将其映射到无人机集群系统,是解决无人机集群编队协调自主控制问题的一条切实可行的途径. 关键词 无人机; 集群编队; 自主控制; 群集运动; 协调决策 分类号 V249. 1 From collective flight in bird flocks to unmanned aerial vehicle autonomous swarm formation QIU Hua-xin,DUAN Hai-bin Bio-inspired Autonomous Flight Systems Research Group,Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory,Beihang University,Beijing 100083, China Corresponding author,E-mail: hbduan@ buaa. edu. cn ABSTRACT The mission abilities of unmanned aerial vehicles ( UAVs) under complex environments will be improved by autono￾mous swarm formations. The coexistence of multiple aircrafts raises a series of problems,such as growing difficulties in coordinated managements. As a result,the design of the UAV swarm formation coordinated autonomous control algorithm is an urgent and crux problem. During the process of collective flight in bird flocks,complex and orderly collective behaviors emerges after the cooperation among individuals based on simple behavior rules. Due to the agreement between the autonomous,coordinated and intelligent control requirements of UAV swarm formations and the characteristic of bird flock collective flight such as adjacent interactions,group stabili￾ties and environment adaptions,the study on the mechanism of collective flight in bird flocks and the mapping relationship between bird flocks and UAV swarm systems will give a feasible way to solve the UAV swarm formation coordinated autonomous control prob￾lem. KEY WORDS unmanned aerial vehicle; swarm formation; autonomous control; collective motion; coordinated decision 收稿日期: 2016--10--13 基金项目: 国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目( 61425008) ; 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 61333004) ; 北京航空航天大学博士研究生卓越学术基 金资助项目( 2016 年度) 无人机( unmanned aerial vehicle,UAV) 是一种由 自身程序控制或由无线电遥控的,用来执行特定任务 的无人驾驶飞行器[1]. 在执行枯燥、恶劣和危险( the dull,the dirty and the dangerous,3D) 的任务[2]时,无人 机相比于有人机能够体现出更大的优势. 机上无人、 任务复杂以及动态不确定环境决定了无人机系统势必 朝着集群化、自主化和智能化方向发展. 无人机自主 集群编队飞行,就是多架具有自主能力的无人机按照
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