亲核取代反应 Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction 实验事实 R-x H2o R-OH HX 80% EtoH 80% EtoH HO kinetic reaction order k/105s reaction order k/10 mol.ls (CH3)3C-x 1010 (CH3)2CH-x 0.24 4.75 1st-order 2nd-order CH3 CH2-X 0.14 170 CH3-X 0.35 2140 sterochemistry two stereoisomers nversion of configuration 一预示两种不同的机理亲核取代反应 Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction R- X + H 2 O R-OH + HX (CH 3)3C￾X 80 % EtO H ki n eti c 1010 1s t-orde r 2nd-orde r k / 1 0-5 s-1 (CH 3)2CH-X r e a c tion orde r rea c tion orde r k /1 0-5mol-1 L s-1 CH3-X 0.35 0.14 0.24 80 % E t O H + HO- 2140 17 0 4.75 ---- CH 3CH 2-X s terio che mis try two s ter e oisom e r s inv e r sion o f configurati o n 实验事实 预示两种不同的机理