non-renewables include; coal, oil, gas, and ores etc, Several types of environmental degradation can change renewable resources into nonrenewable or unusable resources Covering productive land with water, concrete, asphalt, or build ing Cultivating land without proper soil management Taking fresh water from underground sources and from streams and lakes faster than it is replaced by natural processes Resources and resource scarcity(contd) stroy ing wetlands and coral reefs: Cutting trees from large areas(deforestation) Overgrazing of grassland by livestock; Eliminating or decimating wild species through destruction of habitats Polluting renewable air, water, and soil so they are unusable Resources and resource scarcity(contd Some of these types of degradation are localized, some have a regional/global trend As a result, scarcity, depreciation, degradation and extinction is imminent Resource scarcity Absolute resource scarcity occurs when supplies of a resource cannot meet demand Relative resource scarcity occurs when there is enough of a resource to meet the demand but its d istribution is unbalanced and here comes in the tragedy of the commons! Tragedy of the commons One cause of environmental degradation is the overuse of common-property resources, which are owned by none and available to all An example is pollution Unwanted effects of pollution are The crisis of Unsustainability: Problems and causesCan be similar whatever is the source of pollution, unwanted effects Key problems: global warming and the accompanying possible climate change, acid rain, depletion of stratospheric ozone, and urban air pollution -result from the chemicals we have put into the atmosphere Problems and causes continued poisoning of the soil and water by pesticides and numerous other toxic wastes as the result2 – non-renewables include; coal, oil, gas, and ores etc.; • Several types of environmental degradation can change renewable resources into nonrenewable or unusable resources. – Covering productive land with water, concrete, asphalt, or buildings; – Cultivating land without proper soil management; – Taking fresh water from underground sources and from streams and lakes faster than it is replaced by natural processes;…….. Resources and resource scarcity (contd)…. – Destroying wetlands and coral reefs; – Cutting trees from large areas (deforestation); – Overgrazing of grassland by livestock; – Eliminating or decimating wild species through destruction of habitats; – Polluting renewable air, water, and soil so they are unusable………. Resources and resource scarcity (contd)…. • Some of these types of degradation are localized, some have a regional/global trend… • As a result, scarcity, depreciation, degradation and extinction is imminent…. Resource scarcity ..…. • Absolute resource scarcity occurs when supplies of a resource cannot meet demand; • Relative resource scarcity occurs when there is enough of a resource to meet the demand, but its distribution is unbalanced; • and here comes in the tragedy of the commons!…. Tragedy ofthe commons!…. • One cause of environmental degradation is the overuse of common-property resources, which are owned by none and available to all. An example is pollution!! Unwanted effects of pollution are: whatever is the source of pollution, unwanted effects can be similar; The crisis of Unsustainability: Problems and causes • Key problems: global warming and the accompanying possible climate change, acid rain, depletion of stratospheric ozone, and urban air pollution – result from the chemicals we have put into the atmosphere. Problems and causes….. • continued poisoning of the soil and water by pesticides and numerous other toxic wastes as the result