付航涛等：低温盐浴渗氮对Custom465钢耐蚀及耐磨性的影响 ·239· 20m 20m 图7 Custom465钢渗氮前后磨痕形貌.(a)未渗氮：(b)440℃：(c)480℃：(d)520℃ Fig.7 SEM micrographs of the worn surfaces of Custom 465 under different conditions:(a)untreated:(b)440C:(c)480C:(d)520 C 面硬度增大，520℃时达到1240HV,对应渗层厚度为 stainless steel.Spec Steel,2003,24(3):1 22μm. (姜越，尹钟大，朱景川，等。马氏体时效不锈钢的发展现状 (2)440℃渗氮后表面主要为氮原子在马氏体中 特殊钢，2003,24(3)：1) 的过饱和固溶体a5,480℃时开始有少量CN相析出 [5]Li Z,Zhang R Q,Zha Q F,et al.Composition design of super- high strength maraging stainless steels using a cluster model.Prog 伴随大量y相，520℃时CN相大量析出. Nat Sci Mater Int,2014,24(1)35 (3)480℃时点蚀电位降低180mV,520℃时自腐 [6]Martin J W,Dahl J M.Highstrength stainless alloy resists stress 蚀电位降低约70mV,无稳态钝化区出现，耐蚀性 corrosion cracking.Adr Mater Processes,1998.153(3):37 下降. 7]Liu RL Yan MF.Improvement of wear and corrosion resistances (4)渗氮温度升高，耐磨性提高，480℃和520℃ of 17-4PH stainless steel by plasma nitrocarburizing.Mater Des, 2010,31(5):2355 渗氮后，磨损体积较未处理试样分别降低43%和 [8]Yan M F.Liu R L,Wu D L.Improving the mechanical properties 82%. of 17-4PH stainless steel by low temperature plasma surface treat- ment.Mater Des,2010,31(4):2270 参考文献 9]Esfandiari M,Dong H.The corrosion and corrosion-wear behav- iour of plasma nitrided 17-4PH precipitation hardening stainless 1]Yang Z Y,Liu Z B,Liang JX,et al.Development of maraging steel.Surf Coat Technol,2007,202(3):466 stainless steel.Trans Mater Heat Treat,2008,29(4):1 [10]Esfandiari M.Dong H.Plasma surface engineering of precipitation (杨志勇，刘振宝，梁剑雄，等.马氏体时效不锈钢的发展 hardening stainless steels.Surf Eng,2006,22(2):86 材料热处理学报，2008,29(4)：1) [11]Schneider R S E,Hiebler H.Influence of increased nitriding 2]Thuvander M,Andersson M,Stiller K.Atom probe tomography temperatures on the hardness profile of low-alloy steels.I Mater investigation of lath boundary segregation and precipitation in a Sci,1998,33(7):1737 maraging stainless steel.Ultramicroscopy,2013,132:265 [12]Wu C J,Chen G L,Qiang W J.Metal Material Science.2nd 3]Sen D.Patra A K,Mazumder S.et al.Morphology of carbide Ed.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2009 precipitates in solution quenched PH138 Mo stainless steel:a (吴成建，陈国良，强文江.金属材料学.2版.北京：治金 small-angle neutron scattering investigation.Mater Sci Eng A, 工业出版社.2009) 2005,397(1-2):370 [13]Guo Z Y.Steel Nitriding.Beijing:National Defence Industry 4]Jiang Y,Yin Z D.Zhu JC,et al.Developmentstatus of maraging Pre5s,1979付航涛等: 低温盐浴渗氮对 Custom 465 钢耐蚀及耐磨性的影响 图 7 Custom 465 钢渗氮前后磨痕形貌． ( a) 未渗氮; ( b) 440 ℃ ; ( c) 480 ℃ ; ( d) 520 ℃ Fig． 7 SEM micrographs of the worn surfaces of Custom 465 under different conditions: ( a) untreated; ( b) 440 ℃ ; ( c) 480 ℃ ; ( d) 520 ℃ 面硬度增大，520 ℃ 时达到 1240 HV，对应渗层厚度为 22 μm． ( 2) 440 ℃渗氮后表面主要为氮原子在马氏体中 的过饱和固溶体 α' N，480 ℃ 时开始有少量 CrN 相析出 伴随大量 γ'相，520 ℃时 CrN 相大量析出． ( 3) 480 ℃时点蚀电位降低 180 mV，520 ℃时自腐 蚀电 位 降 低 约 70 mV，无 稳 态 钝 化 区 出 现，耐 蚀 性 下降． ( 4) 渗氮温度升高，耐磨性提高，480 ℃ 和 520 ℃ 渗氮 后，磨 损 体 积 较 未 处 理 试 样 分 别 降 低 43% 和 82% ． 参 考 文 献 ［1］ Yang Z Y，Liu Z B，Liang J X，et al． Development of maraging stainless steel． Trans Mater Heat Treat，2008，29( 4) : 1 ( 杨志勇，刘振宝，梁剑雄，等． 马氏体时效不锈钢的发展． 材料热处理学报，2008，29( 4) : 1) ［2］ Thuvander M，Andersson M，Stiller K． Atom probe tomography investigation of lath boundary segregation and precipitation in a maraging stainless steel． Ultramicroscopy，2013，132: 265 ［3］ Sen D，Patra A K，Mazumder S，et al． Morphology of carbide precipitates in solution quenched PH13-8 Mo stainless steel: a small-angle neutron scattering investigation． Mater Sci Eng A， 2005，397( 1 － 2) : 370 ［4］ Jiang Y，Yin Z D，Zhu J C，et al． Developmentstatus of maraging stainless steel． Spec Steel，2003，24( 3) : 1 ( 姜越，尹钟大，朱景川，等． 马氏体时效不锈钢的发展现状． 特殊钢，2003，24( 3) : 1) ［5］ Li Z，Zhang Ｒ Q，Zha Q F，et al． Composition design of super￾high strength maraging stainless steels using a cluster model． Prog Nat Sci Mater Int，2014，24( 1) : 35 ［6］ Martin J W，Dahl J M． Highstrength stainless alloy resists stress corrosion cracking． Adv Mater Processes，1998，153( 3) : 37 ［7］ Liu Ｒ L，Yan M F． Improvement of wear and corrosion resistances of 17-4PH stainless steel by plasma nitrocarburizing． Mater Des， 2010，31( 5) : 2355 ［8］ Yan M F，Liu Ｒ L，Wu D L． Improving the mechanical properties of 17-4PH stainless steel by low temperature plasma surface treat￾ment． Mater Des，2010，31( 4) : 2270 ［9］ Esfandiari M，Dong H． The corrosion and corrosion-wear behav￾iour of plasma nitrided 17-4PH precipitation hardening stainless steel． Surf Coat Technol，2007，202( 3) : 466 ［10］ Esfandiari M，Dong H． Plasma surface engineering of precipitation hardening stainless steels． Surf Eng，2006，22( 2) : 86 ［11］ Schneider Ｒ S E，Hiebler H． Influence of increased nitriding temperatures on the hardness profile of low-alloy steels． J Mater Sci，1998，33( 7) : 1737 ［12］ Wu C J，Chen G L，Qiang W J． Metal Material Science． 2nd Ed． Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press，2009 ( 吴成建，陈国良，强文江． 金属材料学． 2 版． 北京: 冶金 工业出版社． 2009) ［13］ Guo Z Y． Steel Nitriding． Beijing: National Defence Industry Press，1979 · 932 ·