工程科学学报，第39卷，第5期：739-746,2017年5月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.39,No.5:739-746,May 2017 D0L:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2017.05.012;htp:/journals..usth.edu.cn 低碳钢在湿热工业海洋大气中的腐蚀特征 李东亮，付贵勤，朱苗勇⑧ 东北大学治金学院，沈阳110819 ☒通信作者，E-mail:myzhu(@mail.neu.cd.cm 摘要以0.1 mol-L-'NaCl+0.01 mol.L-NaHSO3溶液为腐蚀介质，采用干/湿周浸加速腐蚀实验、腐蚀失重、X射线衍射、 扫描电镜和能谱分析等方法，研究了湿热工业海洋大气中低碳钢的腐蚀行为.结果表明：实验钢的腐蚀过程均遵循幂函数 d=A“分布规律，钢种不同，常系数A、n的值不同；腐蚀产物主要由非晶物质和少量FeO,、c-FeOOH、B-FeO0H、y-Fe0OH晶 体组成.所得锈层可分为主体锈层和界面疏松带两部分，由内至外锈层中F、0含量梯度变化很小.C1~、S0,与水分的长期 协同作用会导致内锈层结构变差，而添加稳定性或耐蚀性较高的元素可以改善锈层质量，进而增强钢材的耐腐蚀性能. 关键词低碳钢；大气腐蚀；工业海洋大气；湿热环境；锈层 分类号TG174.2 Corrosion characteristics of low-carbon steel in hot and humid industrial-marine atmosphere LI Dong-liang,FU Gui-qin,ZHU Miao-yong School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China Corresponding author,E-mail:myzhu@mail.neu.edu.cn ABSTRACT The corrosion behavior of low-carbon steel was investigated in a simulated hot and humid industrial-marine atmosphere by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS),mass loss,and a wet/dry alternate immersion corrosion test using a 0.1 mol-L NaCl+0.01 molL NaHSO,solution.The results indicate that the corrosion processes of the experimental steels agree well with the d=At"power function,with different steels having different values of A and n. The corrosion products are mainly in the amorphous phase and contain a small amount of Fe,O,a-FeOOH,B-FeOOH,and y-FeOOH crystals.It can be found that the rust layers have two parts-the body of the rust layer and a loose interface band.The Fe and O con- tent gradients in the rust layer,from inner to outer,change very little.It can be concluded that the long-term interaction of Cl",SO and H2 O will lead to the deterioration of the inner structure.However,the addition of elements with high stability or corrosion resist- ance can improve the stability and density of the rust layer,and thereby enhance the corrosion resistance of the steels. KEY WORDS low-carbon steel;atmospheric corrosion:industrial-marine atmosphere:hot and humid environment:rust layer 在各类大气环境中，以富含S0,的工业大气和富阳极溶解，还会抑制保护锈层的形成，促使锈层变疏松 含C1°的海洋大气对钢材的侵蚀最为严重).S0,遇并脱落，进而加快钢基体腐蚀6刃.不难发现，S0,和 水会生酸，不但会直接与F发生反应，还会侵蚀锈层， C1~加速钢材腐蚀的关键因素是水分，主要指水膜的 导致锈巢形成、锈层结构破坏，进而加速钢基体腐 润湿时间-].尤其当大气相对湿度超过80%时，水 蚀-].氯盐吸湿后会释放出CI°，不但会促进Fe的 膜会不断形成并润湿钢材表面和锈层，腐蚀性粒子因 收稿日期：2016-08-06 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51304040)：教育部基本科研业务费资助项目(N150204008)工程科学学报,第 39 卷,第 5 期:739鄄鄄746,2017 年 5 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 39, No. 5: 739鄄鄄746, May 2017 DOI: 10. 13374 / j. issn2095鄄鄄9389. 2017. 05. 012; http: / / journals. ustb. edu. cn 低碳钢在湿热工业海洋大气中的腐蚀特征 李东亮, 付贵勤, 朱苗勇苣 东北大学冶金学院, 沈阳 110819 苣 通信作者,E鄄mail: myzhu@ mail. neu. edu. cn 摘 要 以 0郾 1 mol·L - 1NaCl + 0郾 01 mol·L - 1 NaHSO3溶液为腐蚀介质,采用干/ 湿周浸加速腐蚀实验、腐蚀失重、X 射线衍射、 扫描电镜和能谱分析等方法,研究了湿热工业海洋大气中低碳钢的腐蚀行为. 结果表明:实验钢的腐蚀过程均遵循幂函数 d = At n分布规律,钢种不同,常系数 A、n 的值不同;腐蚀产物主要由非晶物质和少量 Fe3 O4 、琢鄄FeOOH、茁鄄FeOOH、酌鄄FeOOH 晶 体组成. 所得锈层可分为主体锈层和界面疏松带两部分,由内至外锈层中 Fe、O 含量梯度变化很小. Cl - 、SO2与水分的长期 协同作用会导致内锈层结构变差,而添加稳定性或耐蚀性较高的元素可以改善锈层质量,进而增强钢材的耐腐蚀性能. 关键词 低碳钢; 大气腐蚀; 工业海洋大气; 湿热环境; 锈层 分类号 TG174郾 2 Corrosion characteristics of low鄄鄄 carbon steel in hot and humid industrial鄄鄄marine atmosphere LI Dong鄄liang, FU Gui鄄qin, ZHU Miao鄄yong 苣 School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China 苣 Corresponding author, E鄄mail: myzhu@ mail. neu. edu. cn ABSTRACT The corrosion behavior of low鄄鄄carbon steel was investigated in a simulated hot and humid industrial鄄鄄marine atmosphere by X鄄ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with X鄄ray microanalysis (SEM鄄鄄EDS), mass loss, and a wet / dry alternate immersion corrosion test using a 0郾 1 mol·L - 1 NaCl + 0郾 01 mol·L - 1 NaHSO3 solution. The results indicate that the corrosion processes of the experimental steels agree well with the d = At n power function, with different steels having different values of A and n. The corrosion products are mainly in the amorphous phase and contain a small amount of Fe3O4 , 琢鄄FeOOH, 茁鄄FeOOH, and 酌鄄FeOOH crystals. It can be found that the rust layers have two parts—the body of the rust layer and a loose interface band. The Fe and O con鄄 tent gradients in the rust layer, from inner to outer, change very little. It can be concluded that the long鄄鄄term interaction of Cl - , SO2 and H2O will lead to the deterioration of the inner structure. However, the addition of elements with high stability or corrosion resist鄄 ance can improve the stability and density of the rust layer, and thereby enhance the corrosion resistance of the steels. KEY WORDS low鄄鄄 carbon steel; atmospheric corrosion; industrial鄄鄄marine atmosphere; hot and humid environment; rust layer 收稿日期: 2016鄄鄄08鄄鄄06 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51304040);教育部基本科研业务费资助项目(N150204008) 在各类大气环境中,以富含 SO2 的工业大气和富 含 Cl - 的海洋大气对钢材的侵蚀最为严重[1鄄鄄3] . SO2遇 水会生酸,不但会直接与 Fe 发生反应,还会侵蚀锈层, 导致锈巢形成、锈层结构破坏,进而加速钢基体腐 蚀[4鄄鄄5] . 氯盐吸湿后会释放出 Cl - ,不但会促进 Fe 的 阳极溶解,还会抑制保护锈层的形成,促使锈层变疏松 并脱落,进而加快钢基体腐蚀[6鄄鄄7] . 不难发现,SO2 和 Cl - 加速钢材腐蚀的关键因素是水分,主要指水膜的 润湿时间[1鄄鄄3] . 尤其当大气相对湿度超过 80% 时,水 膜会不断形成并润湿钢材表面和锈层,腐蚀性粒子因