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D0I:10.13374M.issn1001-053x.2012.07.012 第34卷第7期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.34 No.7 2012年7月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jul.2012 700℃以上超超临界电站锅炉过热器管材用典型镍基 合金的平衡析出相规律 珏区 董建新张麦仓 谢锡善 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 ☒通信作者,E-mail:wangjue_sor@126.com 摘要利用热力学计算软件Thermo-Clc及镍基合金数据库,计算了三种700℃以上超超临界电站用过热器管道材料 Inconel740、Inconel617和GH2984合金的热力学平衡相图,并对比了三种材料主要析出相的析出行为.计算结果表明:三种合 金主要的析出相包括YY、碳化物σ、nδμ及aC等,凝固过程中Mo、Nb和T元素偏析严重,会降低合金的初熔点,因此 后期均匀化退火处理十分重要.另一方面,750℃时Inconel740合金y相析出量大于另外两种合金,并且A和Ti含量对y相 和n相析出行为有较大影响.碳化物的计算表明,Inconel617合金一次碳化物与另两种合金不同,并且其二次碳化物的析出温 度范围最大.GH2984合金中Fe含量较大时会导致σ相出现,对合金的性能产生不利影响 关键词镍合金:析出相;碳化物:热力学;电站 分类号TG146.1*5 Equilibrium-phase precipitation behaviors of typical nickel-base alloys for 700 C advanced ultra-supercritical boiler tubes WANG Jue,DONG Jian-xin,ZHANG Mai-eang,XIE Xi-shan School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:wangjue_sor@126.com ABSTRACT Thermodynamic equilibrium phase diagrams of three candidate materials,Inconel740,Inconel617,and GH2984,for 700 C advanced ultra-supereritical boiler tubes were calculated by Thermo-Cale software and nickel-base alloy databases.Precipitation behaviors of phases in the three alloys were investigated by comparison.There are similar equilibrium phases in the three alloys,inclu- ding y,y',carbides,,n,,and a-Cr.Serious segregations of Mo,Ti and Nb may occur during solidification based on the calculation,which would decrease the initial melting points of the three alloys:therefore the consequent homogenization treatment is quite important.On the other hand,the amount of y'precipitated in Inconel740 is higher than that in the other two alloys at 750C.Al and Ti contents can strongly effect the precipitation of yand n phases.The calculation of carbides indicates that primary carbides in Inconel617 are different from those in the other two alloys,and the precipitation temperature range of secondary carbides in Inconel617 is larger.The presence of o in GH2984 alloy is harmful to the mechanical properties due to a higher Fe content. KEY WORDS nickel alloys:precipitates:carbides:thermodynamics:power plants 为了提高火力发电机组热效率,降低C02排放 参数的提高对锅炉管道材料提出了严峻的考验,在 量,需要不断提高火电厂锅炉的蒸汽参数。目前世 超超临界条件下,材料需要满足750℃/100kh的持 界范围内己经有蒸汽参数接近600℃/30MPa的超 久强度不低于100MPa,以及烟气侧经高温、高速煤 超临界机组投入使用,热效率可以达到45%以 灰冲刷腐蚀运行200kh的金属腐蚀损失小于2mm 上0,而部分国家己经把21世纪的蒸汽参数目标制 的条件.此时传统的铁素体和奥氏体耐热钢已经 定为700℃以上,从而使热效率突破50%-.蒸汽 无法满足要求,所以对超超临界机组锅炉用管道材 收稿日期:201105-14 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(50831008)第 34 卷 第 7 期 2012 年 7 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 34 No. 7 Jul. 2012 700 ℃以上超超临界电站锅炉过热器管材用典型镍基 合金的平衡析出相规律 王 珏 董建新 张麦仓 谢锡善 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京 100083 通信作者,E-mail: wangjue_sor@ 126. com 摘 要 利用热力学计算软件 Thermo--Calc 及镍基合金数据库,计算了三种 700 ℃ 以上超超临界电站用过热器管道材料 Inconel740、Inconel617 和 GH2984 合金的热力学平衡相图,并对比了三种材料主要析出相的析出行为. 计算结果表明: 三种合 金主要的析出相包括 γ、γ'、碳化物、σ、η、δ、μ 及 α--Cr 等,凝固过程中 Mo、Nb 和 Ti 元素偏析严重,会降低合金的初熔点,因此 后期均匀化退火处理十分重要. 另一方面,750 ℃时 Inconel740 合金 γ'相析出量大于另外两种合金,并且 Al 和 Ti 含量对 γ'相 和 η 相析出行为有较大影响. 碳化物的计算表明,Inconel617 合金一次碳化物与另两种合金不同,并且其二次碳化物的析出温 度范围最大. GH2984 合金中 Fe 含量较大时会导致 σ 相出现,对合金的性能产生不利影响. 关键词 镍合金; 析出相; 碳化物; 热力学; 电站 分类号 TG146. 1 + 5 Equilibrium-phase precipitation behaviors of typical nickel-base alloys for 700 ℃ advanced ultra-supercritical boiler tubes WANG Jue ,DONG Jian-xin,ZHANG Mai-cang,XIE Xi-shan School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail: wangjue_sor@ 126. com ABSTRACT Thermodynamic equilibrium phase diagrams of three candidate materials,Inconel740,Inconel617,and GH2984,for 700 ℃ advanced ultra-supercritical boiler tubes were calculated by Thermo-Calc software and nickel-base alloy databases. Precipitation behaviors of phases in the three alloys were investigated by comparison. There are similar equilibrium phases in the three alloys,inclu￾ding γ,γ',carbides,σ,η,δ,μ,and α-Cr. Serious segregations of Mo,Ti and Nb may occur during solidification based on the calculation,which would decrease the initial melting points of the three alloys; therefore the consequent homogenization treatment is quite important. On the other hand,the amount of γ' precipitated in Inconel740 is higher than that in the other two alloys at 750 ℃ . Al and Ti contents can strongly effect the precipitation of γ' and η phases. The calculation of carbides indicates that primary carbides in Inconel617 are different from those in the other two alloys,and the precipitation temperature range of secondary carbides in Inconel617 is larger. The presence of σ in GH2984 alloy is harmful to the mechanical properties due to a higher Fe content. KEY WORDS nickel alloys; precipitates; carbides; thermodynamics; power plants 收稿日期: 2011--05--14 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 50831008) 为了提高火力发电机组热效率,降低 CO2排放 量,需要不断提高火电厂锅炉的蒸汽参数. 目前世 界范围内已经有蒸汽参数接近 600 ℃ /30 MPa 的超 超临界机组投入使用,热 效 率 可 以 达 到 45% 以 上[1],而部分国家已经把 21 世纪的蒸汽参数目标制 定为 700 ℃以上,从而使热效率突破 50%[2--4]. 蒸汽 参数的提高对锅炉管道材料提出了严峻的考验,在 超超临界条件下,材料需要满足 750 ℃ /100 kh 的持 久强度不低于 100 MPa,以及烟气侧经高温、高速煤 灰冲刷腐蚀运行 200 kh 的金属腐蚀损失小于 2 mm 的条件[5]. 此时传统的铁素体和奥氏体耐热钢已经 无法满足要求,所以对超超临界机组锅炉用管道材 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2012.07.012
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