14 ISLAND IN THE STREAM I.The Era of Global Navigation 15 When the Ming government made its treaty with the Dutch in Summary Thought 1624,was it stating the Pescadores are a part of China,but Taiwan By 1662,the greater part of Taiwan was still in the hands of the is not?Therefore the Dutch can have it? aborigines.Ming loyalists had driven out the Dutch and occupied How did the Taiwanese aborigines view the Dutch and the south.These loyalists who had chosen Taiwan hoped to use subsequent presence of other peoples on Taiwan?Did they see Taiwan as a base to retake the mainland.The Dutch still traded in each as a tribe occupying the land it could control? the area and considered the possibility of retaking the island.The When the Japanese contested the Dutch rights to levy taxes on Japanese had become isolationist and retreated to their country. Taiwan trade,did they consider Taiwan as open territory and not The Spanish had decided to operate from the Philippines.Pirate subject to Dutch rule or taxes? groups still existed and their chameleon like ability to shift back The Spanish,Dutch and other Europeans often claimed lands and forth between pirates and traders made them tolerated.The in the name of their king or queen.Did they feel that sovereignty aborigines begrudgingly shared the island with all as long as the was simply a matter of force? aliens did not encroach too much more on their territory.While no When the pirate Koxinga took Taiwan from the Dutch did he one had complete sovereignty over the island,the aborigines feel he was breaking the previous Ming treaty?Was he simply controlled the greater portion. seeking a port in a storm and a base for regaining the mainland from the Manchus? Questions There are many methods of determining sovereignty,de facto Additional Readings possession,de jure agreements,historic tradition,a shared mythic Anderson,Malcom.Frontiers,Polity Press,1996,Cambridge. destiny,common ethnicity,self-determination etc.In the twentieth How states are formed and the development of the concepts of and twenty-first centuries which determinations are the most boundaries and sovereignty. reliable? Campbell,Rev.William.Formosa under the Dutch,SMC Publishing Did the Japanese ruler Toyotomi Hideyoshi view Formosa as Inc.,1992,Tapiei.Written in 1903,it compiles many Dutch a separate kingdom in his invasion of China in 1593 or was he diaries and accounts of their rule. simply seeking to cover his flanks from attack by a third party? Clough,Ralph N.Island China,Harvard University Press,1978, Harvard. Pirate groups have little or loose national loyalty.Did the 劉其律，《台灣原住民文化藝術》，台北，雄狮美衙，1997。 pirates of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries consider 潘英，《台灣平捕族史》，台北，南天著局，1996。 Formosa their territory or open to those who claimed it?