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第36卷增刊1 北京科技大学学报 Vol.36 Suppl.1 2014年4月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Apr.2014 煤基处理硫酸渣制备含硫钢原料的实验研究 郭亚光四,朱荣,吴恩辉,王云,林腾昌,肖绎 北京科技大学治金与生态工程学院,北京100083 ☒通信作者,E-mail:yaguang0(31@126.com 摘要以含有低熔点FS,的硫酸渣和烟煤为原料,对硫酸渣含碳球团进行还原熔分,考察了碱度、焙烧温度、焙烧时间和C/ 0摩尔比对铁回收率的影响,确定了最佳工艺参数.在碱度R=1.0、焙烧温度1450℃、焙烧时间20min以及配煤量C/0=1.2 的条件下还原熔分硫酸渣,可以获得93.1%铁回收率的珠铁.对尾渣的X射线衍射分析可知,硫酸渣中铁氧化物及含铁硫化 物被还原,铁回收率较高,且熔分时间短造成大量铁以金属态滞留于渣中:还原熔分硫酸渣所得珠铁因其较高硫含量,可用于 治炼硫系易切削钢. 关键词黄铁矿:烟煤:矿物还原:熔分易切削钢 分类号TF559 Experimental study on the coal-based method to deal with pyrite cinder for pre- paring sulfur-bearing steel GUO Ya-guang,ZHU Rong,WU En-hui,WANG Yun,LIN Teng-chang,XIAO Yi School of Metallurgical and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:yaguang031@126.com ABSTRACT Using pyrite cinder with low melting point and bituminous coal as raw materials,carbonized pyrite cinder pellets were made and introduced to the reduction smelting process.The effects of basicity,roasting temperature,roasting time and C/O molar ratio on the iron recovery rate were investigated to search the optimum experimental parameters.It was found that iron nuggets with the iron recovery of 93.1%were obtained when the basicity was 1.2,the roasting temperature was 1450C,the roasting time was 20 min and the C/O molar ratio was 1.2.Iron oxides and iron-bearing sulfides in pyrite cinder were reduced,thus a higher iron recovery rate was achieved.From X-ray diffraction analysis on the slag tailings,short smelting time caused high amount of iron in metallic state retained in the slag.Because of high sulfur in iron nuggets from pyrite cinder by reduction and melting separation,the iron nuggets can be used as raw materials to product sulfur-bearing free-eutting steel. KEY WORDS pyrites;bituminous coal:ore reduction:smelting:free-cutting steel 硫酸渣是在采用黄铁矿(FSz)为原料在中温 O,此外还含有微量的Cu、Zn、Ph、As等重金属.由 氧化焙烧生产硫酸的过程中所排出的废渣,主要有 于硫酸渣中铁主要以氧化铁形式存在且品位较高, 两个来源,一部分是从沸腾炉底部排出的粗渣,另外 直接用于制备建筑材料造成铁资源的巨大浪费日, 一部分是从除尘器中排放出,这两部分渣通常混合 因此学者对硫酸渣的综合利用进行了大量的研究, 在一起).每生产1t硫酸会产生0.8~1.5t的硫 主要集中在以下几方面:(1)磁选;(2)磁化焙烧一磁 酸渣,我国每年硫酸渣产量超过1100万t,目前对硫 选法:(3)浮选;(4)制备铁系原料:(5)直接还原- 酸渣未能进行高效的回收利用,堆放占用大量土地, 磁选等.其产出产品一般含有较高的硫,可以作 且由于其中含有铅、砷等剧毒物质,严重危害周边 为易切削钢(含硫0.08%~0.40%)的治炼原料使 环境4 用.目前制约硫酸渣利用的关键是如何大规模、低 疏酸渣的主要成分是Fe203、Fe04、SiO2和A2 成本及有效利用硫酸渣.为此,笔者探索了煤基还 收稿日期:2013-10一19 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2014.s1.018:http://jourals.ustb.edu.cn第 36 卷 增刊 1 2014 年 4 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 36 Suppl. 1 Apr. 2014 煤基处理硫酸渣制备含硫钢原料的实验研究 郭亚光,朱 荣,吴恩辉,王 云,林腾昌,肖 绎 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京 100083  通信作者,E-mail: yaguang031@ 126. com 摘 要 以含有低熔点 FeS2的硫酸渣和烟煤为原料,对硫酸渣含碳球团进行还原熔分,考察了碱度、焙烧温度、焙烧时间和 C/ O 摩尔比对铁回收率的影响,确定了最佳工艺参数. 在碱度 R = 1. 0、焙烧温度 1450 ℃、焙烧时间 20 min 以及配煤量 C/O = 1. 2 的条件下还原熔分硫酸渣,可以获得 93. 1% 铁回收率的珠铁. 对尾渣的 X 射线衍射分析可知,硫酸渣中铁氧化物及含铁硫化 物被还原,铁回收率较高,且熔分时间短造成大量铁以金属态滞留于渣中; 还原熔分硫酸渣所得珠铁因其较高硫含量,可用于 冶炼硫系易切削钢. 关键词 黄铁矿; 烟煤; 矿物还原; 熔分; 易切削钢 分类号 TF559 Experimental study on the coal-based method to deal with pyrite cinder for pre￾paring sulfur-bearing steel GUO Ya-guang ,ZHU Rong,WU En-hui,WANG Yun,LIN Teng-chang,XIAO Yi School of Metallurgical and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China  Corresponding author,E-mail: yaguang031@ 126. com ABSTRACT Using pyrite cinder with low melting point and bituminous coal as raw materials,carbonized pyrite cinder pellets were made and introduced to the reduction smelting process. The effects of basicity,roasting temperature,roasting time and C/O molar ratio on the iron recovery rate were investigated to search the optimum experimental parameters. It was found that iron nuggets with the iron recovery of 93. 1% were obtained when the basicity was 1. 2,the roasting temperature was 1450 ℃,the roasting time was 20 min and the C/O molar ratio was 1. 2. Iron oxides and iron-bearing sulfides in pyrite cinder were reduced,thus a higher iron recovery rate was achieved. From X-ray diffraction analysis on the slag tailings,short smelting time caused high amount of iron in metallic state retained in the slag. Because of high sulfur in iron nuggets from pyrite cinder by reduction and melting separation,the iron nuggets can be used as raw materials to product sulfur-bearing free-cutting steel. KEY WORDS pyrites; bituminous coal; ore reduction; smelting; free-cutting steel 收稿日期: 2013--10--19 DOI: 10. 13374 /j. issn1001--053x. 2014. s1. 018; http: / /journals. ustb. edu. cn 硫酸渣是在采用黄铁矿( FeS2 ) 为原料在中温 氧化焙烧生产硫酸的过程中所排出的废渣,主要有 两个来源,一部分是从沸腾炉底部排出的粗渣,另外 一部分是从除尘器中排放出,这两部分渣通常混合 在一起[1--3]. 每生产 1 t 硫酸会产生 0. 8 ~ 1. 5 t 的硫 酸渣,我国每年硫酸渣产量超过 1100 万 t,目前对硫 酸渣未能进行高效的回收利用,堆放占用大量土地, 且由于其中含有铅、砷等剧毒物质,严重危害周边 环境[4--5]. 硫酸渣的主要成分是 Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SiO2和 Al2 O3,此外还含有微量的 Cu、Zn、Pb、As 等重金属. 由 于硫酸渣中铁主要以氧化铁形式存在且品位较高, 直接用于制备建筑材料造成铁资源的巨大浪费[6], 因此学者对硫酸渣的综合利用进行了大量的研究, 主要集中在以下几方面: ( 1) 磁选; ( 2) 磁化焙烧--磁 选法; ( 3) 浮选; ( 4) 制备铁系原料; ( 5) 直接还原-- 磁选等[7--9]. 其产出产品一般含有较高的硫,可以作 为易切削钢( 含硫 0. 08% ~ 0. 40% ) 的冶炼原料使 用. 目前制约硫酸渣利用的关键是如何大规模、低 成本及有效利用硫酸渣. 为此,笔者探索了煤基还
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