Downgraded Predications butcher:a man who sells meat cyclist:a person who rides a bicycle illiterate:who cannot read rich:who has much property A downgraded predication can be placed in angle brackets. E.g. 'a misogynistic novelist'or 'a man who writes novels and who hates women'or 'a novel-writing misogynist'or 'a woman-hating male novelist',etc.can be expressed (43,44,p.145,43a-c, p.147,Leech)• butcher: a man who sells meat • cyclist: a person who rides a bicycle • illiterate: who cannot read • rich: who has much property A downgraded predication can be placed in angle brackets. E.g. ‘a misogynistic novelist’ or ‘a man who writes novels and who hates women’ or ‘a novel-writing misogynist’ or ‘a woman-hating male novelist’ , etc. can be expressed (43,44, p.145, 43a-c, p.147, Leech) Downgraded Predications