Changes of lung field transparency: 10 Hila:The area where lung vessels and bronchi terminate,the extent of hilum generally include inner zone between the 2nd and the 4th anterior ribs.(Components: arteries,veins,bronchi,lymph nodes,lymph ducts) Changes of hilus shadow,Changes of density,Increase: pulmonary hypertension,pulmonary stenosis,tumor,lymphadenopathy.Decrease: pulmonary 10 hypoplasia,Fallot tetralogy.Changes of shape,Changes of position Mediastinum:Component in front view:Formation:blood vessels,heart,aortic 10 node,pulmonary segment.Changes:widen,shift (figure),subcarina angle. Compartments in lateral view:Anterior part:Thymus,fat,lymph nodes,sometimes thyroid glands.Middle part:Trachea bronchi,major blood vessels,aorta,heart, lymph nodes.Posterior part:Esophagus,vertebra&never roots. The division of the mediastinum 20° Divide the mediastinum into four parts Superior and inferior compartments:a line traversing the manubriosternal joint and lower edge of 4th thoracic vertebra The inferior compartment is further divided into 3 parts The anterior mediastinum lies anterior to the middle mediastinum and posterior to the sternum The middle mediastinum contains the pericardium and its contents as well as the major vessels and airways The posterior mediastinum lies posterior to the middle mediastinum and anterior to the thoracic vertebral column 11 ⚫ Changes of lung field transparency: Hila: The area where lung vessels and bronchi terminate, the extent of hilum generally include inner zone between the 2nd and the 4th anterior ribs. (Components: arteries, veins, bronchi, lymph nodes, lymph ducts) ⚫ Changes of hilus shadow, Changes of density, Increase: pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary stenosis, tumor, lymphadenopathy. Decrease: pulmonary hypoplasia, Fallot tetralogy. Changes of shape, Changes of position ⚫ Mediastinum: Component in front view: Formation: blood vessels, heart, aortic node, pulmonary segment. Changes: widen, shift (figure), subcarina angle. Compartments in lateral view: Anterior part: Thymus, fat, lymph nodes, sometimes thyroid glands. Middle part: Trachea & bronchi, major blood vessels, aorta, heart, lymph nodes. Posterior part: Esophagus, vertebra & never roots. The division of the mediastinum ⚫ Divide the mediastinum into four parts ⚫ Superior and inferior compartments: a line traversing the manubriosternal joint and lower edge of 4th thoracic vertebra ⚫ The inferior compartment is further divided into 3 parts ⚫ The anterior mediastinum lies anterior to the middle mediastinum and posterior to the sternum ⚫ The middle mediastinum contains the pericardium and its contents as well as the major vessels and airways ⚫ The posterior mediastinum lies posterior to the middle mediastinum and anterior to the thoracic vertebral column 10’ 10’ 10’ 20’