0In Europe: 1922–1953:Joseph Stalin as General Secretary of the Soviet Union • 1948:The Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic • 1949:The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Founded in April • 1949:The Soviet First Atomic Bomb in September • 1951–1955:Sir Winston Churchill as the British Prime Minster • 1955–1964:Nikita Khrushchev as head of the Soviet Union • 1957–1993:The European Economic Community (EEC) Founded • 1957:The Soviet’s the First Satellite Sputnik into Orbit Around the Earth • 1958:The Berlin Wall Built in August In China: 1945–1976:Mao Zedong as Chairman of the CPC • 1949:The establishment of the PRC on October 1 • 1950:The Chinese People’s Volunteer Army Deployed to Aid North Korea • 1951:Tibet Liberated in Peace • 1954:The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China • 1957–1958:The Anti-Rightist Struggle • 1958–1960:The Great Leap Forward • 1958:The Rise of the Rural People's Communes in August • 1958-1979:The Bombardment of Jinmen, Taiwan • 1959:The Conference on Mount Lu • 1960:The Rupture of the Sino–Soviet Relationship