httpverw.apedeecantaioge5676.mi rts on Leading Edge Engineering from the 1996 NAE Symposium on Frontiers of Enginee NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS. 2101 Constitution Ave, NW.. Washington, DC 20418 NOTICE: The National Academy of Engineering(NAE), a private nonprof emsy dm sciences and in asts partier of members, sharing with the NAS the responsibility of advising the federal government on cientific and technical matters; this mandate is carried out through joint supervision of the ational Research Council. The NAE also sponsors an independent study program aimed at neeting national needs, encourages engineering education and research, and recognizes the supe. rior achievement of engineers. William A. Wulf is interim president of the NAE. This publication has been reviewed according to procedures approved by a National Academy of Engineering report review process. Publication of signed work signifies that it is judged ompetent and useful contribution worthy of public consideration, but it does not imply endorse- nent of conclusions or recommendations by the NAE. The interpretations and conclusions in uch publications are those of the authors and do not purport to represent the views of the council, officers, or staff of the National Academy of Engineering Funding for the that led to this publication was provided by the National Science Foundation, the U.S ment of Defense. the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Engineering Foundation, and the National Academy of Engineering Fund. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 97-65474 International Standard Book Number 0-309-05726-4 Copyright 1997 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reservedNATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS • 2101 Constitution Ave., N.W. • Washington, DC 20418 NOTICE: The National Academy of Engineering (NAE), a private nonprofit institution, was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) as a parallel organization of distinguished engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in its selection of members, sharing with the NAS the responsibility of advising the federal government on scientific and technical matters; this mandate is carried out through joint supervision of the National Research Council. The NAE also sponsors an independent study program aimed at meeting national needs, encourages engineering education and research, and recognizes the supe￾rior achievement of engineers. William A. Wulf is interim president of the NAE. This publication has been reviewed according to procedures approved by a National Academy of Engineering report review process. Publication of signed work signifies that it is judged a competent and useful contribution worthy of public consideration, but it does not imply endorse￾ment of conclusions or recommendations by the NAE. The interpretations and conclusions in such publications are those of the authors and do not purport to represent the views of the council, officers, or staff of the National Academy of Engineering. Funding for the activity that led to this publication was provided by the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Defense, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Engineering Foundation, and the National Academy of Engineering Fund. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 97-65474 International Standard Book Number 0-309-05726-4 Copyright © 1997 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Frontiers of Engineering: Reports on Leading Edge Engineering from the 1996 NAE Symposium on Frontiers of Engineering http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5576.html